杉木速生无性系30年生木材材性的比较  

Comparative study on the physical and mechanical properties of fast-growing clones of Chinese fir in 30 years

作　　者：赵林峰 高建亮[1] ZHAO Linfeng;GAO Jianliang(Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology,Hengyang 421005,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南环境生物职业技术学院,湖南衡阳421005

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2021年第8期153-160,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖南自然科学基金项目(2019JJ6028);湖南省林业科技创新杰出青年项目(XLK201981)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究对比了7个杉木速生无性系和1个对照(CK)30年生木材材性的差异,为杉木从木材材性方面选择良种提供依据。【方法】以采自湖南省金洞林场同一立地条件上营造的7个杉木速生无性系和1个对照实生林(CK)30年生的木材为研究对象,按照国家标准测量气干密度、基本密度、抗弯强度、弹性模量、顺纹抗压强度、顺纹抗拉强度、横纹全部抗压强度(弦向、径向)、横纹局部抗压强度(弦向、径向)10个指标。运用Excel 2016、SPSS 25.0等软件对这些测试结果进行数据统计、方差分析。【结果】7个速生无性系之间的10项指标均存在极显著差异。30年生木材在实验室的气干密度、基本密度、抗弯强度、弹性模量、顺纹抗压强度、顺纹抗拉强度、横纹全部抗压强度(弦向、径向)、横纹局部抗压强度(弦向、径向),其的测定均值分别为0.409 g·cm^(-3)、0.322 g·cm^(-3)、70.652 MPa、8.298 GPa、46.56 MPa、104.30 MPa、2.06 MPa、1.91 MPa、3.46 MPa、3.29 MPa,与对照(CK)的误差分别为-0.97%、-0.60%、-0.07%、0.43%、-0.47%、-0.51%、0%、0.53%、-0.29%、-0.49%。【结论】30年生速生无性系的材性与对照(CK)的材性测定均值误差均在±0.9%以下,即没有差异;根据《木材力学性质分级表》和《国产树种分级规格材强度设计值和弹性模量要求》的规定,它们是属于同一等级强度的木材。经方差分析后认为:不同无性系之间的木材材性是有显著差异的,在95%的置信度估计下,各无性系间有显著差异的材性项目有密度、顺纹抗压和抗拉强度及横纹局部抗压强度(弦向、径向);有极显著差异的材性项目有抗弯强度、弹性模量和横纹全部抗压强度(弦向、径向)。在30年生时,木材密度大的无性系其木材材性比实生林木材要好,也比密度小的无性系木材要好。通过木材材性分析后认为:速生系7922和79172可作杉木速生系良种培育。【Objective】In order to provide a basis for the selection of improved varieties of Chinese fir in terms of wood properties,the difference in wood properties between 7 fast-growing clones of 30-year-old Chinese fir and one control(CK)was compared.【Method】Taking 7 fast-growing clones of 30-year-old Chinese fir and one control real plantation(CK)planted at the same site conditions from Jindong forest farm in Hunan province as the research object,the air-dry density,basic density,MOR,modulus of elasticity,compressive strength parallel to grain,tensile strength parallel to grain,compression resistance of all stripes to flat&radial and compression resistance of local to flat&radial were measured according to national standards.The data statistics and analysis of variance on the test results were made by Excel 2016,SPSS 25.0 and other software.【Result】There are extremely significant differences in 10 indicators among 7 fast-growing clones.At the 30th year,the average the air-dry density,basic density,MOR,modulus of elasticity,compressive strength parallel to grain,tensile strength parallel to grain,compression resistance of all stripes to flat&radial and compression resistance of local to flat&radial is 0.408 g·cm^(-3),0.322 g·cm^(-3),70.652 MPa,8.298 GPa,46.56 MPa,104.31 MPa 2.06 MPa,1.91 MPa,3.46 MPa,3.29 MPa,separately;the error from the control(CK)is-0.97%,-0.59%,-0.079%,0.436%,-0.47%,-0.51%,0%,0.526%,-0.288%,-0.497%,separately.【Conclusion】The average error of the material properties between the fast-growing clone at the 30th year with the control(CK)is less than±0.9%,that is,there is no difference.According to the“Wood mechanical properties classification table”and“Design grades of domestic tree species grade strength design value and the requirements of modulus of elasticity”,they are wood of the same grade.After analysis of variance,it is believed that the wood properties of different clones are significantly different under 95%reliability estimation,and the material properties having si

关 键 词：杉木 无性系 木材 材性 

分 类 号：S781.29[农业科学—木材科学与技术] S791.27[农业科学—林学]