从清代台湾方志看地方官员对民间信仰的态度  

Attitudes of Local Officials towards Folk Beliefs as Reflected in the Taiwan Local Chronicles of Qing Dynasty

作　　者：谢贵文 Xie Guiwen

机构地区：[1]台湾高雄科技大学文化创意产业系,中国台湾82444

出　　处：《上海地方志》2021年第2期65-71,95,96,共9页Shanghai Chronicles

摘　　要：本文运用清代台湾方志资料,以保生大帝庙、三山国王庙为案例,探讨地方官员对民间信仰的态度。研究发现官修志书多将民间信仰列于《外志》或《杂记》;而国家祭祀制度中的坛庙,则列入《典秩志》《典礼志》或《祀典志》中,两者有明显的区隔,但仍有伸缩的空间。在实际处理上,官员大多采取宽容态度,尊重地方原有的信仰习惯,只要不危害风俗教化与社会秩序,都不加以干涉。国家是影响地方官员看待民间信仰的上位因素,祖籍与族群意识亦是影响因素之一,这在由内地移民组成的台湾社会尤为明显。Taking Baosheng Emperor(God of Medicine)Temple and Temple of Three Mountain Kings for example,this paper discusses the attitudes of local officials towards folk beliefs by studying Taiwan local records compiled in Qing Dynasty.The research shows that folk beliefs were usually listed in Additional Records or Miscellaneous Recordsof official local chronicles;while altars and temples in the national sacrificial system were included in Records of Sacrifices or Records of Offerings,with distinctive gap yet flexible space between the two kinds.In actual practice,most officials adopted tolerant attitudes and showed respect to the original local beliefs and habits with little or no intervention as long as they were not harmful to social ethics orsocial order.How officials viewed folk beliefs was mainly determined by state will,while the ancestral and ethnic consciousness was also an influencing factor.It was particularly true in Taiwan society,which was mainly composed of immigrants from the Chinese Mainland.

关 键 词：清代台湾 方志 民间信仰 保生大帝 三山国王 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学]