细菌BM与真菌APN对钾长石浸出效果对比研究  

Bioleaching Effect of Bacteria BM and Fungi APN on Potassium Feldspar

作　　者：陈路遥 包麒钰 孙德四[1] Chen Luyao;Bao Qiyu;Sun Desi(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Jiujiang University,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332005;Library,Jiujiang University,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332005)

机构地区：[1]九江学院化学化工学院,江西九江332005 [2]九江学院图书馆,江西九江332005

出　　处：《非金属矿》2021年第4期72-75,79,共5页Non-Metallic Mines

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51264014);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201311843004)。

摘　　要：以典型硅酸盐细菌BM及真菌APN为试验菌株,采用摇瓶培养试验,测定发酵培养液中细菌浓度、pH值及浸矿上清液中K、Si、Al质量浓度,采用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)仪对钾长石被菌株作用前后的微观形貌和物相组成进行分析,比较这两种典型微生物对钾长石的动态溶蚀效果。结果表明,APN生长周期较BM短,具有更高的产酸能力,BM对数生长期相对较长,产胞外多聚物能力更强;两株菌种对钾长石溶蚀效果基本相近,BM菌浸出液中K_(2)O、SiO_(2)、Al_(2)O_(3)质量浓度最高可达2.3 mg/L、6.58 mg/L、5.29 mg/L,APN浸出液中K_(2)O、SiO_(2)、Al_(2)O_(3)质量浓度分别为2.23 mg/L、6.50 mg/L、5.22 mg/L;真菌释放钾长石中K、Al、Si速率较细菌快,浸矿周期短。真菌对矿物的溶蚀效果主要受有机酸酸解与络解作用机制的影响,硅酸盐细菌对矿物的风化分解能力主要受胞外多聚物络解作用机制的控制。The dynamic corrosion effects of typical silicate bacteria BM and APN on potassium feldspar were analysed by measuring the concentration of bacteria in fermentation medium,pH value,concentration of K,Si and Al in leaching supernatant,SEM and XRD analysis were used to analyse the microstructure and phase composotion of potash feldspar before and after being subjected to bacterial strain.The results showed that the growth period of APN was shorter than that of BM,and APN had higher acid production capacity,but the logarithmic growth period of BM was longer,the culture medium had higher bacterial concentration,and the ability to produce extracellular polymers was stronger.The dissolution effect of the two strains on potassium feldspar was similar,the mass concentrations of K_(2)O,SiO_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3)in the leaching solution were up to 2.3 mg/L,6.58 mg/L and 5.29 mg/L in BM leaching supernatant,and 2.23 mg/L,6.50 mg/L,5.22 mg/L in APN leaching supernatant.However,the rate of K,Al and Si in potassium feldspar released by APN was faster and shorter than that of by BM,so APN had higher comprehensive leaching efficiency than BM.It is concluded that the corrosion effect of fungi on minerals is mainly influenced by the mechanism of organic acidolysis and complexation,while the ability of silicate bacteria decomposing minerals is controlled by the complexation mechanism of extracellular polymers.

关 键 词：真菌 硅酸盐细菌 钾长石 溶蚀 

分 类 号：TD925[矿业工程—选矿] Q939.97[生物学—微生物学]