鞋帮高度对踝关节不稳者侧切动作下肢生物力学特征的影响  

Effects of Shoe Collar Heights on Lower Extremity Biomechanics during Cutting Movements of Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability

作　　者：周志鹏[1] 郑亮亮[1] 孙萌梓 张方同 杨辰 曲峰[2] Zhou Zhipeng;Zheng Liangliang;Sun Mengzi;Zhang Fangtong;Yang Chen;Qu Feng(Shandong Sport University,Ji'nan 250101,China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东体育学院,济南250101 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084 [3]南京体育学院,南京210014

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2021年第5期352-359,共8页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：山东省高等学校科学技术计划项目(科技类)(J18KA164)。

摘　　要：目的:对比慢性踝关节不稳(CAI)者和健康者穿着高、低帮篮球鞋进行侧切动作时的下肢生物力学特征,为评估前交叉韧带损伤风险提供依据。方法:13名患有踝关节不稳的业余篮球运动员(单侧CAI组,年龄:21.1±2.4岁)和13名健康运动员(健康对照组,年龄:21.9±3.0岁)分别穿着高低帮篮球鞋进行45°和180°侧切动作。采用红外运动捕捉系统和三维测力台同步采集所有测试动作的运动学和地面反作用力数据。结果:穿着高帮球鞋进行两种侧切动作时最大垂直地面反作用力均大于低帮,踝关节内翻运动幅度均小于低帮,在180°侧切时踝关节背屈和膝关节屈曲幅度小于低帮。无论穿着高帮或低帮球鞋,45°侧切时地面反作用力指标均大于180°侧切,膝关节屈角和屈曲运动幅度、踝关节跖屈角和内翻运动幅度均小于180°侧切;踝关节不稳者与健康者在踝关节、膝关节运动幅度和地面反作用力等指标上均无差异。结论:(1)穿着高帮球鞋会减小踝关节内翻和膝关节屈曲运动幅度,并可增大地面反作用力,提示穿着高帮球鞋可能增加前交叉韧带损伤风险。(2)无论穿着高帮或低帮球鞋,45°侧切时较180°侧切均具有更小的膝关节屈角和更大的地面反作用力,提示45°侧切动作具有更大的前交叉韧带损伤风险。(3)无论穿着高帮或低帮球鞋,踝关节不稳者在侧切时下肢生物力学特征与健康者并无差异,提示踝关节不稳可能不会增加前交叉韧带损伤风险。Objective To compare the effect of basketball shoes with different collar heights on lower extremity biomechanics during cutting movements in individuals with and without chronic ankle instability(CAI),so as to provide evidences for estimating the risk of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injury.Methods Thirteen amateur basketball players with CAI(age:21.1±2.4 years)and 13 healthy controls(age:21.9±3.0 years)performed 45°side-cutting and 180°shuffle-cutting tasks,wearing highcollar and low-collar basketball shoes respectively.Kinematics and ground reaction forces(GRF)were recorded using an infrared motion capture system and two three-dimensional force plates synchronously.Results Compared with low-collar basketball shoes,participants who wore high-collar shoes exhibited significantly greater maximum vertical GRF but smaller ankle inversion range of motion(ROM)in performing both 45°side-cutting and 180°shuffle-cutting tasks.Additionally,those who wore high-collar shoes also exhibited significantly smaller ankle dorsiflexion ROM and knee flexion ROM when performing the 180°shuffle-cutting task.Significantly greater peak impact posterior and vertical GRF,and maximum vertical GRF were observed in performing the 45°side-cutting task compared to doing the180°shuffle-cutting task for both high-collar and low-collar shoes.Meanwhile,participants also exhibited smaller knee flexion angle and ankle plantarflexion angle at the instance of peak impact posterior GRF,and smaller knee flexion and ankle inversion ROM in the 45°side-cutting task for both highcollar and low-collar shoes.No significant differences were observed in the average GRF,ankle and knee kinematic between the CAI and the control group no matter they wore high-collar or low-collar shoes.Conclusion Shoe collar heights could affect lower extremity biomechanics.Wearing high-collar shoes might increase the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury by reducing the ankle inversion and knee flexion angles,and increasing ground reaction forces.Cutting movements

关 键 词：慢性踝关节不稳 高低帮篮球鞋 侧切动作 前交叉韧带 损伤风险 

分 类 号：R684[医药卫生—骨科学]