基于光伏系统的动态代理模型最大功率点跟踪算法研究  

Study on dynamic surrogate model for MPPT of PV systems

作　　者：张孝顺 谭恬 蒙蝶 张桂源 冯永坤 ZHANG Xiaoshun;TAN Tian;MENG Die;ZHANG Guiyuan;FENG Yongkun(College of Engineering,Shantou University,Shantou 515063,China;State Grid Hunan Power Transmission Maintenance Company,Hengyang 421000,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学工学院,广东汕头515063 [2]国网湖南输电检修公司,湖南衡阳421000

出　　处：《华电技术》2021年第8期1-10,共10页HUADIAN TECHNOLOGY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51907112);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2019A1515011671)。

摘　　要：光伏发电系统在部分阴影条件下,其功率-电压输出特性曲线会出现多个峰值点。针对该问题,传统的最大功率点跟踪算法(MPPT)容易陷入局部最优解且稳定性较差的状况而不再适用。为实现部分阴影条件下最大功率点跟踪,设计了一种基于光伏系统的动态代理模型优化(DSMO)方法。该方法为避免盲目搜索,根据光伏系统的实时数据,采用径向基函数(RBF)网络构建输入/输出特征的动态代理模型。在动态代理模型的基础上,采用贪婪搜索加速收敛。通过恒温恒光照启动测试、恒温光照强度阶跃变化测试、变温变光照强度测试3个算例对该方法的实用性和优越性进行了评估。与蚁群算法(ASO)、灰狼算法(GWO)、扰动观察法(P&O)和粒子群算法(PSO)相比,所提方法在部分阴影条件下能快速稳定地使光伏系统产生更多的能量和更小的功率波动。Under partial shading condition(PSC),there will be multiple peaks on the power-voltage output characteristic curves of photovoltaic(PV)systems.The traditional maximum power point tracking(MPPT)algorithm is no longer applicable for solving the problem since it is easy to fall into local optimal solution and of poor stability.In order to realize MPPT under PSC,a dynamic surrogate model-based optimization(DSMO)method for a PV system is designed.To avoid aimless search,by taking real-time data of the PV system,the radial basis function(RBF)network is adopted to construct the dynamic surrogate model of input/output features.Based on the dynamic surrogate model,greedy search is used to accelerate the convergence.The practicability and superiority of the method are evaluated by tests under three conditions,constant temperature and constant light start-up experiment,constant temperature and step-changed light test,and variable temperature and variable light test.Compared with ant colony algorithm(ASO),gray wolf optimizer(GWO),perturb and observation method(P&O)and particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO),the DSMO method proposed can facilitate PV systems to generate more energy and smaller power fluctuation quickly and stably under PSC.

关 键 词：光伏发电系统 部分阴影条件 最大功率点跟踪 动态代理模型优化 贪婪搜索 

分 类 号：TK018[动力工程及工程热物理] TM734[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]