上海市PM_(2.5)中重金属元素对COVID-19控制的高频响应  

High-frequency Responses to the COVID-19 Shutdown of Heavy Metal Elements in PM_(2.5) in Shanghai

作　　者：程凯 常运华 旷雅琼 邹忠 CHENG Kai;CHANG Yun-hua;KUANG Ya-qiong;ZOU Zhong(Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment,International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC),School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3),Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,耶鲁大学-南京信息工程大学大气环境中心,南京210044 [2]复旦大学环境科学与工程系,上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,上海200433

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第8期3644-3651,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41975166,41705100);环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室专项(19K01ESPCT);上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室开放课题项目(FDLAP19001)。

摘　　要：为研究城市大气重金属元素在新冠控制前、中(与春节重叠)、后的演化和来源,利用多金属在线分析仪于2020年1月1日至2月26日测定了上海市PM_(2.5)中重金属元素的小时浓度.利用PMF模型确定了8个来源.结果表明,大部分元素的浓度呈现“V”字型的变化趋势,主要受烟花爆竹(特征性元素有K、Cu、Ba)、Se工业、道路扬尘(Ca、Fe、Ba)和机动车(Mn、Zn、Fe、Cu)等排放源影响.但在新冠控制期间,K、Ba和Cu浓度仍较高.以Cu元素为例的特殊事件分析表明,其浓度高值在控制期前显著受到外来传输的影响,在控制期内主要来自于本地烟花爆竹排放的影响.To study the evolution and sources of heavy metal elements in the urban atmosphere before,during(overlapped with Chinese Lunar New Year),and after China's COVID-19 shutdown,a multi-metal online analyzer was deployed to determine the trace elements in PM_(2.5) in Shanghai from January 1 to February 26,2020.Meanwhile,source apportionment of the hourly measured heavy metal concentrations was performed using a PMF model,in which eight sources were identified.The results show that the concentrations of most elements presented a“V-shaped”trend,which was mainly influenced by emissions from fireworks(K,Cu,Ba as indicative elements),Se-related industry,road dust(Ca,Fe,Ba),and motor vehicles(Mn,Zn,Fe,Cu).However,during the COVID-19 shutdown period,the concentrations of K,Ba,and Cu were high.Case-specific analysis suggested that prior to the shutdown period,the high concentrations of Cu were significantly influenced by long-range transport,which shifted to a dominant contribution from local fireworks during the shutdown period.

关 键 词：重金属元素 新冠控制 高频响应 来源 PMF模型 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]