不同土壤调理剂对土壤镉和邻-苯二甲酸酯迁移转化影响  

Influence of Different Soil Conditioner on the Transfer and Transformation of Cadmium and Phthalate Esters in Soil

作　　者：王璨 张煜行 何明靖[1,3] 刘文新 卢俊峰 魏世强[1,3] WANG Can;ZHANG Yu-hang;HE Ming-jing;LIU Wen-xin;LU Jun-feng;WEI Shi-qiang(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chinese People's Liberation Army Service College,Chongqing 401311,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Chongqing 400716,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]解放军陆军勤务学院,重庆401311 [3]重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室,重庆400716

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第8期4024-4036,共13页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0800600-03)。

摘　　要：有机无机复合污染是目前普遍的土壤污染方式,镉是土壤污染中最主要的无机元素,因地膜的广泛使用,使得邻-苯二甲酸酯成为土壤中主要的有机污染物.故采用盆栽试验,以西南地区紫色土为供试土壤,小白菜为指示生物,分别添加不同含量梯度的镉(Cd)和邻-苯二甲酸(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)组成单一污染和复合外源污染模拟试验,研究钾长石粉、牡蛎壳粉、生物炭粉、氧化钙、碳酸钾和磷酸钙这6种常见土壤调理剂对污染土壤中镉形态及DEHP含量、小白菜中镉及DEHP吸收的影响.随后研究了生物炭添加量对污染土壤中镉和邻-苯二甲酸酯迁移转化的影响,选择对照土壤、Cd污染土壤和DEHP污染土壤复合污染为研究对象,通过盆栽试验研究了0%、0.5%、1%、3%和5%(质量分数)生物炭对污染土壤Cd形态和DEHP含量的影响.结果表明Cd-DEHP复合污染紫色土修复的最优土壤调理剂是生物炭.经过综合考虑,生物炭添加量为3%时,复合污染紫色土土壤的修复效果较好,且生长于土壤中的指示生物不受抑制.This study examines the existing common form of soil pollution,combined organic and inorganic pollution.Cadmium(Cd)is the most important inorganic element in soil pollution.Due to the widespread use of plastic film,phthalates have become the main organic pollutants in soil.Pot experiments were conducted with purple soil from southwest China,and Chinese cabbage was used as a biological indicator.Different concentration gradients of Cd and diethylhexyl phthalate(DEHP) was used as foreign pollutants.The soil was treated with one of the six common soil conditioners,namely potassium feldspar powder,oyster shell powder,biological carbon powder(biochar),calcium,potassium carbonate,and calcium phosphate,to examine the effect of conditioners on cadmium morphology,DEHP content in contaminated soil,and cadmium and DEHP absorption in Chinese cabbage.The results showed that biochar is the optimal soil conditioner for the remediation of cadmium-phthalate composite pollution in purple soil.Subsequently,the effects of soil biochar content on cadmium pollution and phthalate ester migration were studied.Uncontaminated control soil,Cdcontaminated soil,and DEHP-contaminated soil were examined by pot experiments,and biochar treatments with mass fraction of 0%,0.5%,1%,3%,and 5% added to cadmium contaminated soil were used to determine its influence on Cd morphology and DEHP content of contaminated soil.

关 键 词：镉(CD) 邻-苯二甲酸酯(DEHP) 复合污染 土壤调理剂 迁移 转化 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]