北京某地水源水及末梢水痢疾志贺菌污染状况  

Contamination of source water and tap water by Shigella dysenteriae in an area of Beijing

作　　者：毛怡心 郑萍[1] 孙宗科[1] MAO Yi-xin;ZHENG Ping;SUN Zong-ke(National Institute of Environmental Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100021

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2020年第4期291-293,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家卫生和计划生育委员会公益性卫生行业科研专项课题(201302004);中国疾病预防控制中心环境所青年科学基金项目(2020YSRF03)。

摘　　要：目的为初步了解生活饮用水中痢疾志贺菌的污染状况,对实验室建立的环境水体痢疾志贺菌荧光定量PCR检测方法进行优化,并对采集自北京某地水源水、出厂水及末梢水水样应用此方法对各水样中的痢疾志贺菌进行检测。方法利用已构建好的痢疾志贺菌ipaH基因重组质粒进行荧光定量PCR检测,并对此方法的反应条件进行优化;同一年中,分别于丰水期及枯水期采集北京某地水源水、出厂水及末梢水样本,应用优化后的痢疾志贺菌荧光定量PCR检测方法进行水样检测。结果成功对痢疾志贺菌荧光定量PCR检测方法反应条件进行优化;多种环境致病菌检测结果均为阴性,显示方法特异性好,加标实验结果显示其准确性良好;在对北京某地水源水样本进行检测后发现,丰水期及枯水期水样中约10%的样本呈现痢疾志贺菌ipaH基因检测阳性结果;痢疾志贺菌ipaH基因阳性结果主要发现于末梢水水样中。结论通过荧光定量PCR方法可实现对水中痢疾志贺菌的快速检测,检测时限在3 h以内;水源水中存在痢疾志贺菌污染现象,提示水体中可能存在多种致病菌污染状况;主要于末梢水水样中发现痢疾志贺菌ipaH基因阳性,提示在水厂消毒后至用户使用水的过程中,存在痢疾志贺菌潜在污染风险,需要引起关注;应对环境水体中以及出厂水、末梢水中多种致病菌的污染状况及检测方法开展进一步研究;此项研究为我国生活饮用水标准的指标纳入提供了研究基础。Objective In order to understand the water contamination by Shigella dysenteriae,optimize the fluorescence quantitative PCR method for determination of Shigella dysenteriae in water and apply it to detect Shigella dysenteriae in source water,finished water and tap water in an area of Beijing. Methods The established fluorescence quantitative PCR method of ipaH detection was optimized using constructed recombinant plasmid of ipaH. Samples of source water,finished water and terminal piped water from a chosen site in Beijing were collected during high water period and low water period in the same year,respectively. Samples were then detected by the optimized fluorescence qPCR method. Results The fluorescence qPCR method for ipaH detection was successfully optimized;The results of nine environmental pathogenic bacteria detection were all negative,which showed good specificity;The results of calibration experiment showed that the accuracy of this method was good. 10% of field water samples were positive of ipaH gene,in both high and low water periods. Positive results were mainly found in terminal piped water samples. Conclusion Fluorescence quantitative PCR is a rapid detection method for ipaH in water with great specificity and accuracy,the detection period is within three hours;The contamination of source water by Shigella dysenteriae indicates the possibility of water contamination by various pathogenic bacteria;ipaH gene is mainly found in terminal piped water samples,it suggests that potential risk of contamination by Shigella dysenteriae exists and especially in the process of water using and water delivering from water works to home,which should be paid more attention to.Further research on contamination by various pathogenic bacteria in water body,finished water and tap water,as well as the related determination methods should be performed;This study also provides scientific basis for the screening of indexes in Standards for Drinking Water Quality.

关 键 词：痢疾志贺菌 荧光定量PCR 细菌性痢疾 致病菌 水体污染 生活饮用水 

分 类 号：R117[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]