精神分析与马克思主义的交汇前奏:布洛赫对弗氏“白日梦”的乌托邦化解析重构  

Prelud to the Intersection of Psychoanalysis and Western-Marxism:Bloch's Utopian Interpretation of Freund's Daydream

作　　者：许秩嘉 Xu Zhijia

机构地区：[1]国防大学政治学院

出　　处：《理论界》2021年第7期70-77,共8页Theory Horizon

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“马克思未来社会构想及论证逻辑变迁研究”(20BZX023)的研究成果。

摘　　要：布洛赫用"饥饿本能"取代"性本能",在人性论层面完成了对弗氏白日梦之动力源批判;用"尚未意识"取代"无意识",在意识结构层面完成了对弗氏白日梦之素材源批判;用"前进"取代"退行",在哲学"本质"层面完成了对弗氏白日梦之解析方式批判;用"具体的乌托邦"取代"幻觉化满足",在现实实践层面完成了对弗氏白日梦之实现方式的批判。经过"饥饿-尚未意识-前行-具体的乌托邦"这四层逻辑的递进展开,布洛赫试图实现对弗氏精神分析的乌托邦化改造,赋予"白日梦"全新的活力内涵,继而将精神分析的梦之元素吸收融入马克思主义的理想维度,吹响了精神分析与马克思主义的交汇前奏。Bloch replaces "Sex Instinct" with "Hunger Instinct" and completed the criticism of the power source of Freud’s Daydream at the level of human nature theory;Replacing "Unconscious" with "Not-Yet-Conscious" and achieves the criticism of material source of Freud’s "Daydream" at the level of consciousness structure;Replacing "Regression" with "Progression", it criticizes the analytical way of Freund’s daydream at the level of philosophical "essence";Replacing the "Illusory Satisfaction" with "Concrete Utopia" and achieves the criticism of the realization way of Freud’ s Daydream at the practical level. After the progressive development of the four logics of "hunger → unconscious → moving forward → concrete utopia", Bloch tried to realize the utopian transformation of Freund’s psychoanalysis, endowed daydream with a brand-new vitality connotation, and then absorbed the elements of psychoanalytic dream into the ideal dimension of Marxism, which sounded the prelude to the intersection of psychoanalysis and Western Marxism.

关 键 词：布洛赫 精神分析 白日梦 

分 类 号：B1[哲学宗教—世界哲学]