永乐皇帝的麒麟——海外考古调查札记(四)  

The’Kylin’in Emperor Yongle’s Eyes——Overseas Archaeological Survey Notes(PartⅣ)

作　　者：王光尧[1] Wang Guangyao

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院器物部

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2021年第7期104-110,142,共8页Palace Museum Journal

摘　　要：永乐时期,赖经郑和下西洋基本构建了以明朝为中心的国际新秩序,南洋、西洋各国相继"入贡",长颈鹿等各国所产异物珍宝相继入华,这一方面成为万国来朝的物化表现,另一方面长颈鹿又被永乐君臣当作麒麟夸耀天下以示永乐皇位的合法性。考古出土资料表明,长颈鹿入华后,传统认知中的麒麟和永乐皇帝的麒麟并存,均成为明代官服补子的内容,其影响持续到正德时期。The Zhenghe’s voyages to the west during Emperor Yongle’s period contributed to the construction of new world order with the Ming Dynasty as the center,the countries of Nanyang(the southeast Asia)and Xiyang(the Indian Ocean)‘offering tributes’of various treasures to the Ming Empire successively including giraffe,which was taken by the emperor and court officials as the auspicious beast of kylin(Chinese dragon)to symbolize the legitimacy of Yongle’s throne.As is indicated by archaeological materials,there emerged two kinds of kylins at the same time along with the foreign giraffes entering the Ming Empire of China--the kylin in ancient legend and the‘kylin’in Emperor Yongle eyes.The latter was used as the pattern of‘Buzi’the same way as the kylin of ancient mythology,which was carried forward till the period of Zhengde’s reign.

关 键 词：永乐 长颈鹿 麒麟 郑和下西洋 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] K86[历史地理—中国史]