社区老年痴呆患者照料者焦虑情绪与心理弹性的关系  

Relationship between anxiety and psychological resilience of caregivers for community-dwelling dementia patients

作　　者：杨庚林[1,2,3] 卜春燕 张伟峰 高娃 居西昆·阿合买提 齐爱丽 Yang Genglin;Bu Chunyan;Zhang Weifeng;Gao Wa;Ju.xkun Ahmait;Qi Aili(The Fourth Peoples Hospital of Urumgi,Urumqi 830000;The Mental Health Center of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830000;The Institute of Mental Health of Ximjiang,Urumqi 830000)

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市第四人民医院,830000 [2]新疆精神卫生中心,乌鲁木齐市830000 [3]新疆精神卫生研究所,乌鲁木齐市830000

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2021年第8期1062-1066,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：乌鲁木齐市卫生健康委科技计划项目(201902)。

摘　　要：目的探讨社区老年痴呆患者照料者焦虑情绪与心理弹性的关系。方法随机抽取四个社区符合老年痴呆诊断的患者,其照料者为研究对象。采用自编调查问卷、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、心理弹性量表(CDRISC)调查社区老年痴呆患者照料者(592例)一般情况、焦虑和心理弹性情况。结果本研究实际有效研究对象共592人,检出焦虑185人(31.3%)。不同年龄段的老年痴呆患者照料者焦虑差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同性别,不同文化程度.不同照料关系的老年痴呆患者照料者焦虑差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。社区老年痴呆患者照料者坚韧性(F=72.58)、力量性(F=82.19)、乐观性(F=12.57)及心理弹性总分(F=162.88)在不同焦虑程度的患者间均差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。采用Sperman相关对社区老年痴呆患者照料者焦虑和一般情况及心理弹性各维度进行相关分析,结果显示,其焦虑与性别(r=-0.09,P<0.05)、文化程度(r=-0.112,P<0.01)、照料关系(r=-0.122,P<0.01)、心理弹性及各维度(r=-0.457、-0.495、-0.208.-0.60,均P<0.01)量负相关;与年龄(r=-0.127,P<0.01)呈正相关。Logistic回归分析显示心理弹性是社区老年痴呆患者照料者焦虑的保护因素(β=-0.323,P<0.05)。结论临床医生在治疗老年痴呆患者的同时,可采取相应心理治疗提高老年痴呆照料者的心理弹性。Objective To explore the relationship between anxiety and mental resilience of caregivers for community-dwelling dementia patients.Methods Patients in four communities who met the diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease(AD)were randomly selected and their caregivers served as study subjects.General characteristics,anxiety and resilience of caregivers(n=592)were investigated with a questionnaire developed by ourselves,the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale (GAD-7),and the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale(CDRISC).Results There were 592 subjects in the study,with 185 cases(31.3%)having anxiety.Differences in manifestations of anxiety existed between caregivers for AD patients in different age groups(P<0.01).Anxiety levels were also influenced by AD patient caregivers'gender,educational level and blood relationship to the patient(P<0.05).The differences were reflected in tenacity(F=72.58),strength(F=82.19),optimism(F=12.57)and the total elasticity score(F=162.88).The Spearman correlation was used to analyze the association of caregiver anxiety with caregivers'general characteristics and domains of psychological resilience.The results showed that anxiety was negatively correlated with gender(r=-0.09,P<0.05),education level(r=-0.112,P<0.01),blood relationship(r=-0.122,P<0.01),psychoelasticity and three other domains(r=-0.457,-0.495,-0.208,-0.60,all P<0.01),but was positively correlated with age(r=0.127,P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that psychoelasticity was a protective factor for anxiety in caregivers for community-dwelling AD patients(β=-0.323,P<0.05).Conclusions While treating Alzheimer's patients,clinicians can consider psychotherapy measures to improve the psychological resilience of their caregivers.

关 键 词：医院 社区 痴呆 照料者 焦虑 心理弹性 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]