机上某型无刷直流发电机非正常退网问题研究及解决方案  

Research on the Abnormal Exit Problem of a Certain Type of Brushless DC Generator on Board and Its Solution

作　　者：郝世勇 孟欣 王秉卓 王赛 HAO Shiyong;MENG Xin;WANG Bingzhuo;WANG Sai(Qingdao branch,Naval Aeronautical University,Qingdao 266041,China;Unit 91306)

机构地区：[1]海军航空大学青岛校区,山东青岛266041 [2]91306部队

出　　处：《飞机设计》2021年第3期44-48,52,共6页Aircraft Design

摘　　要：为了解决某型无刷直流发电机退网过程中出现的接触器拍合及退网转速过低的问题,利用故障树分析进行故障定位,通过故障复现试验,及不同批次电机对比试验,证明造成该故障的主要原因是电机内部整流电路中的二极管老化,其反电动势幅值过大,导致控制装置采集的转速信号瞬时值高于实际转速,发电机无法在规定转速下退网。通过在控制装置的方波整形变换电路中增加滤波电容,可有效减小反电动势造成的发电机相电压采样波形的畸变幅值,确保控制器准确检测发电机转速,恢复该型电机正常退网功能。结果有一定实际意义,可为发电机及其控制器的改进提供一定的依据。In order to solve the problem of contactor abnormal turning on or turning of and quit speed too low of a certain type of brushless DC generator in exiting the power grid,f ault tree analysis is used to locate the fault.Through fault recurrence experiments and comparative experiments of different batches of motors,it is proved that the main cause of the fault is that with the aging of diode in the output rectifier circuit,the back EMF amplitude increases gradually,which leads to the instantaneous value of speed signal collected by the control device higher than the actual speed.The generator can not withdraw from the grid at the specified speed.By adding the filter capacitor in the square wave shaping circuit of the control device,the distortion amplitude of the generator phase voltage sampling waveform caused by the back EMF can be effectively reduced,so as to ensure that the controller can accurately detect the generator speed and restore the normal off grid function of the motor.The results have some practical significance and can provide some basis for the improvement of generator and its controller.

关 键 词：无刷直流发电机 退网异常 反电动势 滤波 

分 类 号：V242[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]