从科层结构到平台结构:基于数字化时代企业权力的合法性重建  

From Bureaucratic Structure to Platform Structure:Reconstruction of Legitimacy Based on the Corporate Power in Digital Age

作　　者：丁蕖 DING Qu(School of Marxism,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学马克思主义学院,南京210023

出　　处：《江苏行政学院学报》2021年第4期94-101,共8页The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“全面从严治党背景下良好政治生态评价指标体系构建研究”(20BZZ009)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：合法性是企业权力的题中之义,企业权力关系往往通过组织结构的安排来体现,权力与组织结构相互建构,从科层结构向平台结构的转变,昭示着企业权力的重置,这一变化的实质是数字化时代企业权力合法性的重建。科层结构因奉行工具理性的本质契合了工业化社会追求企业效率至上的要求而获得成功,因此而为其赢得了合法性。随着后工业化社会的到来,社会的价值取向日益转向对价值理性的关注和追求,于是引发了人们对工业化社会片面追求工具理性的反思:科层结构所表现的由工具理性压制价值理性的状况与后工业化社会的价值转向是格格不入的,由此成为触发合法性危机的重要诱因。近些年兴起的平台结构以其扁平化、去中心和无边界的耗散结构回应了数字化时代对个体价值、自主管理和合作共赢的诉求,消解了科层结构的合法性危机,为重建合法性奠定了价值基础、制度基础和有效性基础。Legitimacy is the inherent meaning of corporate power.Corporate power relationships tend to be embodied by the arrangement of organizational structure.Power and organizational structure construct each other.The transformation from bureaucratic structure to platform structure indicates the resetting of corporate power.The essence of this change is the reconstruction of the legitimacy of corporate power in the digital age.The bureaucracy structure has succeeded because it pursues the essence of instrumental rationality and conforms to the requirements of the industrialized society to pursue enterprise efficiency.Therefore,it has won its legitimacy.With the arrival of the post-industrial society,the value orientation of society has increasingly turned to the concern and pursuit of value rationality,which has triggered people to reflect on the one-sided pursuit of instrumental rationality in industrialized society:the state indicated by bureaucratic structure in which instrumental rationality suppresses value rationality is incompatible with the value shift in the post-industrial society,and thus becomes an important inducement to trigger the legitimacy crisis.In recent years,the platform structure has emerged with its flat,decentralized,and borderless dissipative structure,which has responded to the demands of the digital age for individual value,autonomous management,and cooperation for win-win results,and has eliminated the legitimacy crisis of the bureaucratic structure,and has laid the foundation of value,system and effectiveness for reconstruction of legitimacy.

关 键 词：合法性 合法性危机 科层结构 平台结构 

分 类 号：D063[政治法律—政治学]