某稀土冶炼厂及周边环境土壤中放射性核素分布特征与风险评价  

Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Radionuclide in Soils of a Rare-Earth Smelter and Its Surrounding Environment

作　　者：李冠超 史天成 杨波 孙功明 林健 钟文麒 高柏[2] 蒋文波 LI Guan-chao;SHI Tian-cheng;YANG Bo;SUN Gong-ming;LIN Jian;ZHONG Wen-qi;GAO Bai;JIANG Wen-bo(Radiation Environment Monitoring Center of Guangdong Province Nuclear Industry Geological Bureau,Guangzhou 510800,China;State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省核工业地质局辐射环境监测中心,广州510800 [2]东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室,南昌330013

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2021年第8期119-126,共8页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41162007)。

摘　　要：为查明某稀土冶炼厂及周边环境土壤中放射性核素污染程度及危害,分析某稀土冶炼厂及其周边土壤中^(238)U、^(232)Th、^(226)Ra和^(40)K的分布特征,采用地质累积指数法、内梅罗污染指数法,健康风险评价等方法对研究区土壤放射性核素进行了研究。结果表明,4种放射性核素浓度范围分别为^(238)U 50.73~6 275.00、^(232)Th 131.00~3 581.00、^(226)R 45.63~5 952.00、^(40)K 59.90~1 065.00Bq/kg。由于自然淋滤和渗漏作用,随深度增加,^(238)U、^(232)Th、^(226)R和^(40)K浓度呈减小趋势。地质累积指数法表明,4、5号采样点^(238)U、^(232)Th和^(226)R为主要污染核素,其评价指数分别为(3.14、2.81、1.16)、(5.19、3.13、4.91),属重度、极重度污染。内梅罗综合污染指数法表明,4号和5号采样点属于极重度污染。健康风险评价模型分析表明,经口摄取途径健康风险较大,高于人体接受范围,吸入摄取途径健康风险在可接受范围内。某稀土冶炼厂周边土壤环境对人体具有一定的健康风险。To find out degree and harm of radionuclide pollution in soils of a rare earth smelter and surrounding environment.Distribution characteristics of ^(238)U,^(232)Th,^(226)R and ^(40)K in soil of a rare earth smelter were analyzed.Soil radionuclides in the study area were studied by geological accumulation index method,Nemero pollution index method and health risk assessment method.The results show that four radionuclides concentration range is ^(238)U 50.73-6 275.00,^(232)Th 131.00-3 581.00,^(226)R 45.63-5 952.00,and ^(40)K 59.90-1 065.00 Bq/kg,respectively.Due to natural leaching and leakage,concentrations of ^(238)U,^(232)Th,^(226)R and ^(40)K drop with increase of depth.Geological accumulation index method showes that ^(238)U,^(232)Th and ^(226)R at sampling sites No.4and No.5are the main pollution nuclides,and their evaluation indexes are (3.14,2.81,1.16),(5.19,3.13,4.91)respectively,belonging to heavy and very heavy pollution.Nemero composite pollution index method showes that sampling sites No.4 and No.5 are extremely polluted.According to analysis of health risk assessment model,health risk of oral ingestion route is higher than the acceptable range of human body,and health risk of inhalation route is within the acceptable range.Therefore,soil environment around a rare earth smelter has certain health risks to human body.

关 键 词：稀土冶炼厂 放射性核素 分布特征 风险评价 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]