重庆地区中学女生月经初潮与饮食习惯和生活方式的相关性分析  

Analysis of the relationship between menarche and dietary habits and lifestyles among middle school girls,Chongqing

作　　者：何丹[1] 张海燕[1] 顾华妍[1] 秦茂 王馨悦 HE Dan;ZHANG Hai-yan;GU Hua-yan;QIN Mao;WANG Xin-yue(Women’s Health Care Department,Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市妇幼保健院妇女保健科,重庆401147

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第15期2750-2754,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：重庆市妇幼保健院院级科研课题(2019YJQN06);重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2021MSXM022);中国性病艾滋病防治协会艾伯维妇幼关爱及预防母婴传播基金项目(2020PMTCT-W11)。

摘　　要：目的分析重庆地区初中女生月经初潮与饮食习惯和生活方式的相关关系,为进一步开展针对性的青春期保健和健康教育工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取重庆市北碚区和忠县共413名初中女生进行问卷调查,利用概率单位回归法、t检验、χ^(2)检验、logistic回归分析进行统计分析。结果调查的中学女生月经初潮半数年龄为12.09(95%CI:11.68~12.34)岁。已来潮组和未来潮组女生在奶制品/豆制品食用频次(χ^(2)=7.430,P=0.024)、蔬菜食用频次(χ^(2)=11.858,P=0.003)、睡眠时间(χ^(2)=9.650,P=0.002)和上网时间(χ^(2)=6.981,P=0.030)的分布不同。多因素分析结果显示月经初潮可能与食用奶制品/豆制品(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.12~3.35,P=0.018)和睡眠时间(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.25~0.98,P=0.023)有关。结论食用奶制品/豆制品会增加月经初潮的发生风险,睡眠时间会降低月经初潮的发生风险,应采取针对性的措施促进青少年健康成长。Objective To analyze the relationship between menarche and dietary habits and lifestyles among middle school girls in Chongqing,in order to provide scientific basis for further targeted arrangements about adolescent health care and health education.Methods According to stratified random cluster sampling method,413 middle school girls from Beibei and Zhongxian in Chongqing were investigated by questionnaire.Probit analysis,t test,χ^(2)test and logistic model were adopted to analyze the results.Results The age of menarche was 12.09(95%CI:11.68-12.34)years old.The factors about frequency of consumption dairy and bean products(χ^(2)=7.430,P=0.024),frequency of eating vegetables(χ^(2)=11.858,P=0.003),sleeping time(χ^(2)=9.650,P=0.002)and online time(χ^(2)=6.981,P=0.030)showed significant difference between menstruation menarche group and non-menstruation menarche group.Data from the logistic analysis showed that occurrence of menarche might be related to dairy and bean products(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.12-3.35,P=0.018)and sleeping time(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.25-0.98,P=0.023).Conclusion Consumption dairy and bean products can increase the risk of menarche,while the sleeping time can reduce the risk.Therefore,we should take some corresponding measures to promote adolescent health.

关 键 词：月经初潮 学生 饮食 生活方式 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]