泉州传统民居冬季风环境评价研究——以杨阿苗故居为例  

Evaluation on Winter Wind Environment of Traditional Dwellings in Quanzhou: Taking Yang A-Miao’s Former Residence as an Example

作　　者：王泽发 郭佩艳[1] WANG Ze-fa;GUO Pei-yan(School of Architecture,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;School of Resources and Environmental Science,Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou 362000,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072 [2]泉州师范学院资源与环境科学学院,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2021年第7期45-52,共8页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JT180361);福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT190087);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJCZH009)。

摘　　要：随着滨海城市发展的不断推进,人们生活环境景观不断提升,但也面临着越来越突出的风环境问题。泉州传统民居布局形式是其适应当地自然与人文环境的智慧结晶,其中蕴含着古人风环境营造的智慧,值得在营造风环境舒适的现代民居设计中进行借鉴学习。以泉州市杨阿苗故居为原型,在其矢量数据基础上构建5种典型"几张间几落大厝"民居模型,并以民居开间、进深与护厝变化为自变量运用PHOENICS软件进行风环境模拟,通过数据对比分析发现:(1)进深保持不变的情况下,随着大厝开间的增加,风速变化越趋于平缓且给人的风感变得更好;(2)开间保持不变的情况下,随着大厝进深的增加,风速变化越趋于平缓且给人的风感变得更差;(3)进深保持不变的情况下,随着护厝的增加,民居风速变化越起伏且给人的风感变得更好;(4)整体而言,只有五间张双边护厝与五间张榉头止两类民居风环境都使人感觉"舒适",适合人们短时间站或坐。With the continuous promotion of coastal environment, people are facing more and more prominent problems of urban environment. Quanzhou traditional residential layout form is the wisdom crystallization to adapt to the local natural and cultural environment, which contains the wisdom of the ancients in creating wind environment, which is worth learning from the design of modern residential building with comfortable wind environment. Taking the former residence of Yang A-Miao in Quanzhou City as the prototype, five typical residential models of "several rooms and several large houses" are constructed on the basis of vector data. The wind environment is simulated by PHOENICS software with the space, depth and the change of protective house as independent variables. Through data comparison and analysis, it is found that:(1)when the depth remains unchanged, the wind speed changes more and more flat with the increase of large houses;(2)with the increase of building depth, the change of wind speed tends to be more gentle and lower, and the wind feeling becomes worse;(3) when the depth remains unchanged, with the increase of houses, the wind speed changes more ups and downs, decreases and gives people a better sense of wind;(4) generally speaking, there are only five houses with double-side added small house and five houses with second level are comfortable and suitable for people to stand or sit in a short time.

关 键 词：传统民居 几张间几落大厝 风环境 舒适度 泉州 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]