明代的司法监察官约束机制及其当代启示  

The Mechanism of Restraint on Judicial Inspectors in the Ming Dynasty and Its Contemporary Enlightenment

作　　者：朱声敏[1] ZHU Shengmin(Guangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西财经学院,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《井冈山大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第3期130-136,共7页Journal of Jinggangshan University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“明代司法监察制度及其运作研究”(项目编号:17XZS005)。

摘　　要：明代的司法监察制度发展到了历史高峰。为了确保司法监察机构能有效运作,首先,建立权力制衡机制,使都察院、六科等司法监察机构及其官员相互制衡;其次,制定系统而严密的规章以规范监察官的行为,防止其履职不力、徇私枉法;再次,实行"重典治吏",对于德行有亏、渎职失职的监察官予以严厉惩罚。这些措施对于确保司法监察官依法履职,保障司法监察活动的有序进行具有积极意义。明代构建的司法监察官约束机制是古代国家治理的一项重要经验,对于当下进行监察体制改革具有一定的启示。The judicial supervisory system in China reached its peak in the Ming Dynasty.In order to ensure the effective operation of the judicial supervisory organs,the following measures were carried out in the the Ming Dynasty:Firstly,allow judicial supervisory organs and their officials to check and balance each other;secondly,establish a systematic and strict legal system to regulate the behavior of the inspectors and to prevent them from abusing the law;and then,mete out severe punishment to the inspectors who are guilty of moral conduct and of dereliction of duty.These measures can make sure that the royal government effectively imposes restraint on the judicial inspectors and that the orderly judicial supervision is carried out.Taking the past as a mirror,the mechanism of restraint on the judicial inspectors in the Ming Dynasty is the important achievement in the governance of ancient countries,which can provide inspiration and reference for the reform of the supervisory system in our country today.Besides,it is helpful for us to carry forward excellent cultural tradition and strengthen cultural self-confidence.

关 键 词：明代 司法监察 约束机制 “重典治吏” 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]