山西太原常绿植物滞尘能力差异性及叶面微结构  

Dust Catching Property and Leaf Surface Micro-structure of Evergreen Plants in Taiyuan, Shanxi

作　　者：王松 康红梅 王晋 王君 薄伟 WANG Song;KANG Hongmei;WANG Jin;WANG Jun;BO Wei(College of Horticulture(Institute of Horticulture),Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031;Taiyuan Zoo,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030009)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院(园艺研究所),山西太原030031 [2]太原动物园,山西太原030009

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第14期80-86,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山西省应用基础研究资助项目(201801D221332)。

摘　　要：以太原市4种常绿植物叶片为试材,采用称重法测定了山西省太原市4种常绿植物叶片单位质量和单位叶面积滞留细颗粒物质量,并利用扫描电子显微镜观察叶表微结构,对常绿植物叶片滞尘能力进行了分析比较,以期阐释常绿植物叶表微结构特征对空气细颗粒物吸附能力的影响机制。结果表明:不同植物单位质量和单位叶面积滞尘量均存在一定差异,滞尘范围分别为0.012~0.035μg·cm^(-2)和2.39~8.52μg·cm^(-2)。叶表沟槽宽度差异可能是不同植物吸附细颗粒物不同的主要原因之一,叶片沟槽过窄不易滞留细颗粒物,而沟槽越深细颗粒物吸附量越大。气孔宽度与叶表细颗粒物吸附效果存在一定相关性。灌木单位叶面积对细颗粒物的滞尘量高于草本;叶表面沟槽较宽、较深的金叶女贞(Ligustrum×vicaryi)和小叶黄杨(Buxus microphylla)相比其它参试植物单位叶面积可滞留更多PM2.5等细颗粒物。The leaves of 4 evergreen plants in Taiyuan were used as experimental materials, the weight per unit leaf weight and fine particulate matter per leaf area of 4 evergreen plants in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province were measured by weighing method.The leaf surface micro-structure of evergreen plants was observed by scanning electron micro-scope, and the dust retention capacity of evergreen leaves was analyzed and compared in order to explain the influence mechanism of leaf surface microstructure characteristics of evergreen plants on the adsorption capacity of fine particles in the air.The results showed that there were some differences in dust retention per unit weight and leaf area of different plants, and the dust retention ranges were 0.012-0.035 μg·cm^(-2) and 2.39-8.52 μg·cm^(-2),respectively.The difference of the width of the grooves on the leaf surface may be one of the main reasons for the differences of fine particles adsorption by different plants.When the groove was too narrow, it was difficult to retain fine particles, and the deeper the groove, the greater the adsorption capacity of fine particles.There was a certain correlation between stomatal width and the adsorption effect of fine particles on leaf surface.The results showed that the dust retention capacity of fine particulate matter per unit leaf area of shrub was higher than that of herb.Ligustrum×vicaryi and Buxus microphylla with wider and deeper leaf surface grooves could retain more PM2.5 and other fine particles per unit leaf area.

关 键 词：太原市 常绿植物 滞尘 叶面微结构 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]