酵母培养物对泌乳初期奶牛泌乳性能、表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响  

Effect of yeast culture on milking performance,apparent digestibility and serum biochemical index of dairy cows in early lactation

作　　者：李琛 卢娜 王芬[2] 李胜利 邵伟[1] LI Chen;LU Na;WANG Fen;LI Sheng-Li;SHAO Wei

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国农业大学动物科技学院动物营养学国家重点实验室北京市生鲜乳质量安全工程技术研究中心,北京100193 [3]北京英惠尔生物科技有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《饲料研究》2021年第13期1-5,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金(项目编号:CARS-36)。

摘　　要：试验研究酵母培养物(YC)对泌乳初期奶牛泌乳性能、血清生化指标和表观消化率的影响。选取泌乳天数(20±3)d,胎次3.20±0.84的荷斯坦奶牛30头,随机分为两组,每组15个重复,每个重复1头牛。对照组为基础日粮,试验组(YC组)在基础日粮中添加酵母培养物30 g/(头·d)。预试期7 d,正式试验期90 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,YC组奶牛乳产量和乳脂产量显著提高(P<0.05)。YC组奶牛干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。YC组奶牛血清中尿素氮(BUN)和白蛋白(ALB)含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。YC组奶牛血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性提高0.73μmol/L(P>0.05)。研究表明,饲喂酵母培养物可以提高泌乳初期奶牛乳产量和乳脂产量,降低乳中体细胞数(SCC);提高DM、CP、NDF和ADF表观消化率;瘤胃可降解蛋白质增加,使奶牛摄入的蛋白质增加,GSH-Px活性有升高趋势。The experiment studied the effect of yeast culture on the milking performance,serum biochemical indexes and apparent digestibility of dairy cows at the early stage of lactation.Thirty Holstein cows with lactation(20±3)d and parity 3.20±0.84 were selected and divided into two groups with 15 replicates in each group and one cow in each replicate.The cows in control group were fed with basal diet,and the experimental group(YC group)added30 g/(head·d)of yeast culture to the basal diet.The pre-test period lasted for 7 d,and the formal period lasted for 90 d.The results showed that compared with the control group,the milk yield and milk fat yield of dairy cows in YC group increased significantly(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)of the YC group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).The serum urea nitrogen(BUN)concentration and albumin(ALB)content of the YC group of dairy cows were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05).The glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity of dairy cows in YC group increased by 0.73μmol/L(P>0.05).The experiment indicates that feeding yeast culture can increase milk production and milk fat production of dairy cows in the early stage of lactation,reduce the number of somatic cells(SCC)in the milk,improve the apparent digestibility of DM,CP,NDF and ADF,increase the rumen degradable protein,increase the protein intake of dairy cows,and increase GSH-Px,which has a positive effect on improving the antioxidant capacity of dairy cows.

关 键 词：酵母培养物 奶牛 泌乳初期 泌乳性能 血清生化指标 表观消化率 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]