冬季采暖保育猪舍送排风管道组合换气系统设计与评价  

Design and evaluation of combined ventilation system with air supply and exhaust ducts for a nursery heating piggery in winter

作　　者：吴志东 房俊龙[1] 巴文革[1] 吴爽 李海涛 蔡有杰 程渠林[2] Wu Zhidong;Fang Junlong;Ba Wenge;Wu Shuang;Li Haitao;Cai Youjie;Cheng Qulin(College of Electrical and Information,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of intelligent manufacturing Equipment Industrialization of Heilongjiang Province,Qiqihar 161006,China;Qiqihar Agricultural Mechanization Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学电气与信息学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]齐齐哈尔大学机电工程学院,齐齐哈尔161006 [3]黑龙江省智能制造装备产业化协同创新中心,齐齐哈尔161006 [4]黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院齐齐哈尔农业机械化研究所,齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2021年第10期152-158,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(135509411,135409102);黑龙江省教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度重点课题(GJB1320388);齐齐哈尔大学教育科学研究项目(GJZRYB202006)。

摘　　要：为实现保育猪舍内局部环境通风调控,该研究设计一种垂直送排风管道组合换气系统。采用CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)技术对垂直管道通风模式下舍内的空气流场进行模拟,并以相对湿度和CO2浓度作为输入变量建立通风模糊控制系统。模拟结果显示保育猪所在水泥地板区域风速保持在0.1~0.2 m/s。参照模拟结果,以猪栏为通风单元对保育猪舍通风系统进行改造,舍内气流不均匀性系数在0.1以下,表明采用该换气系统的保育猪舍通风均匀性较好;猪舍温度在21~25℃,相对湿度小于70%,NH3浓度小于5 mg/m3,CO2浓度小于1200 mg/m3,舍内各项环境参数适宜保育猪健康生长。系统运行功耗为270~1150 W。现场测试与分析结果表明,该垂直送排风管道组合换气系统,可以精确控制猪舍环境,兼顾冬季猪舍通风与保温问题。Current ventilation mode needs to be updated in a nursery piggery,due mainly to the uneven distribution of airflow derived from the great contradiction between ventilation and heat preservation under the relatively low temperature of the cold region in winter.The previous investigation on data collection found that the relative humidity and the concentration of CO2 generally exceeded the standard value in a nursery piggery.Therefore,the main challenge was how to efficiently supply fresh air.In this study,computational fluid dynamics(CFD)was used to simulate the airflow field in the nursery piggery under the combined ventilation system of air supply and exhaust ducts.The diameter of the duct was 0.3 m.The wind speeds of air supply and exhaust were set at 0.5 m/s and 1 m/s,respectively.The results revealed that the circulation ventilation was formed between the air supply inlet and exhaust outlet.The wind speed was maintained between 0.1 m/s and 0.2 m/s in the cement floor area where the piglets live.An even distribution of air flow was achieved to shorten the ventilation path for the diffusion of dirty gas,while improving the ventilation efficiency.A facile control system was specifically designed to consist of each control node in a modular approach.LoRa wireless communication was used to transmit data between control nodes.At the same time,fuzzy control was applied in the control system.Relative humidity and CO2 concentration were used as input variables,whereas,the speed control mode of main fans was used as an output variable.The quantization factors of input variables Kh and Kc were both 0.5,while,the quantization factor of output was 1.A general platform of MATLAB Simulink was selected to establish the model of the fuzzy control system.The simulation results showed that the proposed system responded quickly,while switched step by step in the four types of ventilation modes,including downtime,low,medium and high speed.A fence was applied as the ventilation unit to transform the fresh air,considering the air f

关 键 词：温度 湿度 环境调控 保育猪舍 管道通风 CFD 模糊控制 性能评价 

分 类 号：S817.3[农业科学—畜牧学]