冬季漏缝地板羊舍温热参数的时空分布规律  

Spatio-temporal distribution of thermal parameters in sheep house with slatted floor in winter

作　　者：赵寿培 李雪梅[1] 孙新胜[2] 车大璐 张会文 王新芳 高玉红[1] 程素彩[5] Zhao Shoupei;Li Xuemei;Sun Xinsheng;Che Dalu;Zhang Huiwen;Wang Xinfang;Gao Yuhong;Cheng Sucai(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;College of Information Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Technology and Education Station of Chengde Municipal Bureu of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengde 067000,China;Animal Husbandry Station of Hebei,Shijiazhuang 050035,China;Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Academy of Langfang,Langfang 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071001 [2]河北农业大学信息与技术学院,保定071001 [3]承德市农业农村局科技教育工作站,承德067000 [4]河北省畜牧总站,石家庄050035 [5]廊坊市农林科学院,廊坊065000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2021年第10期159-165,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目“规模化羊场的应激(冷、热)评价及绿色防控关键技术研究与示范”(20326612D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队建设专项(HBCT2018140205);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZD2021323)。

摘　　要：为研究冬季寒冷地区漏缝地板羊舍温热参数空间和时间变化规律。该研究选择两栋南北朝向且结构相同的传统漏缝地板羊舍,舍A的出粪口未作封堵处理,而舍B的出粪口进行密闭封堵,对两舍漏缝地板上部空间的温湿度进行时间和空间(水平和垂直)的动态测定,试验周期2个月,并利用红外热像仪对漏缝地板下部空间结构进行成像分析。结果表明:1)两舍日均温和湿度虽未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05),舍A温度和湿度为-3.07℃和38.08%,但出粪口封堵的舍B温度呈现升高趋势,均温达-2.76℃,两舍最大温差可达1.05℃。2)从垂直空间看,漏缝地板上方1.5 m处温度(T1.5)显著高于漏缝地板处温度(T0)(P<0.01),舍A的两处垂直温差达1.71℃,而舍B温差降至1.35℃,且舍B T0平均温度提高了0.49℃。另外,舍A的T0最低可降至-7.40℃,且每天有16.0 h温度低于-3℃。3)从水平空间看,两栋舍南侧的温度均高于北侧,尤其是漏缝地板处,两侧温差为0.59(舍A)和0.39℃(舍B),且舍东西方向的水平温差较大,尤其舍北侧,其水平温差舍A达2.11℃,而舍B降至0.92℃。所有测点中,两舍西北侧出粪口的漏缝地板处温度最低,舍B T0和T1.5分别较舍A提高了1.33和0.47℃。4)从漏缝地板下部结构的红外热成像图分析,舍A漏缝地板和粪沟底部温差达2.1℃,而舍B温差降至0.7℃,且两舍地板下部结构中侧壁温度最低,分别达-9.3(舍A)和-7.2℃(舍B)。5)从风寒温度(Wind Chill Temperature,WCT)分析,舍B的WCT显著高于舍A(P<0.05),且舍A出粪口处风速显著高于舍B(P<0.05),最高达0.682 m/s。传统漏缝地板羊舍的出粪口进行密闭封堵可提高舍内温度,降低舍内水平和垂直温差,建议羊舍设置漏缝地板时增加出粪口的密闭性和保温性。The slatted floor was widely used in a sheep house for cold winter at present.The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of thermal parameters in a closed sheep house with a slatted floor in winter in a cold region.Two sheep houses with slatted floors(House A and B)with the same structure were selected in the north-south direction.The manure outlet of House A was not blocked,where that of House B was blocked.The temperature and humidity in the upper space of two slatted floors were continuously and dynamically measured in time and space(horizontal and vertical).A two-month test was carried out to measure the key environmental parameters.An infrared thermal imaging device was used to systematically analyze the temperature in the lower space of the slatted floor.The results showed that:1)There was no difference in the average daily Temperature(Ta)or Relative Humidity(RH)between two houses(P>0.05),with the Ta of-3.07℃and the RH of 38.08%in House A.However,there was an increasing trend in the Ta at the fecal outlet of House B,compared with House A,revealing an average Ta of-2.76℃and a maximum Ta difference of 1.05℃between two houses.2)the Ta at 1.5 m above floor(T1.5)was higher than that at floor(T0)(P<0.01)in the vertical distribution.Specifically,the difference was 1.71℃in House A,and decreased to 1.35℃in House B.The average T0 in House B increased by 0.49℃,compared with House A.In addition,the lowest T0 in House A was-7.40℃,and the T0 was lower than-3℃for 16.0 h every day.3)In the horizontal direction,the Ta on the south side in both houses was higher than that on the north side.s lower than-3℃for 16.0 h every day.4)From horizontal,the south-side Ta in both houses was higher than the north-side.Particularly at the slatted floor,the difference between north-and south-side Ta reached to 0.59℃in House A and 0.39℃in House B.Moreover,the horizontal difference of Ta was obvious in the east-west direction,showing the west-side Ta was the lowest.Particularly

关 键 词：温度 湿度 风速 羊舍 漏缝地板 

分 类 号：S815.9[农业科学—畜牧学]