日本辅助器具社会保障政策研究  

Analysis of Japanese Assistive Devices Social Security Policy

作　　者：魏晨婧[1] 田中理 王清 李高峰[1] 何艳 杨慧[1] 王林[5] WEI Chen-jing;TANAKA Satosi;WANG Qing;LI Gao-feng;HE Yan;YANG Hui;WANG Lin(Beijing College of Social Administration,Beijing 101601,China;QOLTON Associates INC.,Yokohama 2220033,Japan;Beijing Heyici Elderly Living Products Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100035,China;China Assistive Devices and Technology Center for Persons with Disabilities,Beijing 100050,China;China Rehabilitation Research Center.Beijing 100068,China)

机构地区：[1]北京社会管理职业学院,北京市101601 [2]一般社团法人QOLTON研究所,日本横滨市2220033 [3]北京鹤逸慈老年生活用品有限公司,北京市100035 [4]中国残疾人辅助器具中心,北京市100050 [5]中国康复研究中心,北京市100068

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2021年第8期900-907,共8页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

基　　金：中国残联课题项目(No.CJFJRRB47-2020)。

摘　　要：目的梳理日本辅助器具社会保障政策,归纳其对我国辅助器具社会保障政策体系的启示。方法基于四维社会保障政策分析框架总结日本老年人与残疾人辅助器具保障政策的政策对象、给付内容、服务输送机制和资金来源。结果日本辅助器具社会保障政策是以法律保障为基础,覆盖了多数功能障碍群体;用于给付的辅助器具产品和服务丰富多样;通过限定人群,总价控制,单价、数量与年限控制,严格评估条件,用户自付等方式避免经费超支;在服务实施过程中保证评估主体严格中立,而服务环节则依靠市场机制推动;在资金来源上,建立了用户自付、各级政府财政支持、社会保险等多渠道的筹资体系。结论日本建立了成熟的辅助器具社会保障政策制度与服务体系,可供我国借鉴。Objective To sort out the assistive device social security policy of Japan.Methods The assistive devices social security policy for the older adults and the disabled in Japan was summarized in term of four dimensions:who,what,how to deliver and how to fund.Results Japanese assistive device social security policy covered most of disabled groups according to the legal protections,delivering a variety of assistive devices products and services.Meanwhile,it has tried to avoid over expenditure through ways of lump-sum control,unit price and quantity control,users self-pay and strict evaluation system.For the service delivery system,the evaluators were strictly neutral,while the providers were in market.The funding came from user-payments,public finance and insurances,etc.Conclusion Japan has established a mature social security policy system and service system for assistive devices,which can be used as a reference for China.

关 键 词：辅助器具 社会保障政策 长期照护保险 日本 

分 类 号：R49[医药卫生—康复医学]