体育异化的根源与纾解:基于理性主义与非理性主义哲学视角的一种解读  

The Origin and Mitigation of Sports Alienation:An Interpretation from the Perspective of Rationalism and Irrationalism Philosophy

作　　者：王涛 WANG Tao(School of Physical Education,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450001)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学体育学院(校本部),河南郑州450001

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2021年第4期44-48,54,共6页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年项目“非理性主义的中国体育哲学意蕴及其实践意义研究”(18YJC890042)。

摘　　要：理性主义与非理性主义哲学对认识体育异化的根源与纾解富有意蕴。通过文献资料、逻辑分析的方法,梳理体育异化的"理性"与"非理性"哲学脉络,研究认为,理性异化的幽隐,使对体育异化的哲学思考常处于悬置,理性异化对非理性的遮蔽,使对体育异化的哲学之思成为谜团。在古希腊哲学"努斯"对"逻各斯"的补缺中,非理性逐渐开显,随之哲学家对体育异化的察觉亦有显现;近代哲学的"启蒙理性"使人觉醒,但"启蒙"的内涵也意味着"理性",要对"非理性"进行很大程度的遮蔽;"异化"存在但遭到理性主义哲学的漠视。体育异化的哲学根源在于"理性"经由"启蒙"所产生的局限,此局限导致"理性化"篡夺了"理性"的话语权,让身体成为了理性化热衷的对象。但"理性化"并非无法规避,从非理性主义哲学中能找到缓解"理性化",进而纾解体育异化的哲学思想。研究提出,"身体"渐取代"体育"成为反思体育异化的支点;在中国古代哲学"道"与"身体"的非理性关联,以及非理性主义哲学提出的"身体"的哲学谱系中,贯穿着"理性"与"非理性"相互缠绕、彼此超越的内在逻辑。这或应是现代社会在认识、践行体育时重构"理性"的支点。Rationalism and irrationalism philosophy are of significance for understanding the origin and mitigation of Sports Alienation.By using the methods of literature and logical analysis,this paper surveys the"rationalism"and"irrationalism"philosophical evolution of sports alienation.The research shows that the seclusion of rationalism alienation often suspends the thinking of sports alienation,and the concealment of irrationality makes the philosophical thinking of sports alienation a mystery.In the complement to ancient Greek philosophical"nous"to"logos",irrationality emerged,and so did the philosophers’awareness of sports alienation."Enlightenment rationality"in modern times led to the awakening of human,but the connotation of"enlightenment"means that irrationality is doomed to be concealed by rationality."Alienation"exists but encounters disregard from rationalism philosophy.The philosophical origin of sports alienation lies in the Enlightenment-spurred limitation in"rationality",which results in that the discourse power of"rationality"is usurped by rationalization,and body becomes the object of rationalization.However,"rationalization"is not inevitable.People can find in irrationalism philosophy the philosophical thinking of mitigating both"rationalization"and sports alienation.The research puts forward that"body"has gradually replaced sports as the fulcrum of reflecting on sports alienation.In the irrational connection between"Tao"and"body"in ancient China’s philosophy and in the philosophical spectrum of"body"established by irrationalism philosophy runs the internal logic of interweaving and transcendence of"rationality"and"irrationality".This can be the fulcrum to reconstruct"rationality"in understanding and practicing sports.

关 键 词：体育哲学 体育异化 理性 理性主义 非理性主义 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]