微咸水滴灌对滨海区基质栽培番茄生长及品质的影响  

Effects of Brackish Water Drip Irrigation on the Growth and Quality of Tomato Grown in Substrate Cultivation in Coastal Area

作　　者：张国新[1] 姚玉涛[1] 丁守鹏 孙叶烁 邢春强[1] ZHANG Guo-xin;YAO Yu-tao;DING Shou-peng(Institute of Coastal Agriculture,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Tangshan,Hebei 063200)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所,河北唐山063200

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第16期200-202,213,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目“滨海盐碱区设施番茄咸水提质生产及安全利用关键技术研究”(20326910D)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究基质栽培条件下微咸水滴灌对番茄生长、产量及品质的影响,旨在为基质栽培番茄的微咸水提质增效利用提供数据支撑。[方法]采用槽式基质栽培形式,共设置3个水处理浓度,即0.3(T_(1),CK)、3.0(T_(2))、5.0 g/L(T_(3)),在番茄开花至拉秧期间滴灌处理,进行株高、根干鲜重、产量等指标及可溶性固形物、V_(C)、有机酸、番茄红素、芳香成分等品质指标分析。[结果]处理5 d内,T_(1)、T_(2)处理株高增长量大体相同,但T_(3)处理株高增长量明显降低;T_(2)、T_(3)处理根干重、根鲜重显著低于T_(1)处理(P<0.05),T_(2)、T_(3)处理间差异不显著;随着微咸水浓度的增加,番茄产量逐渐降低,T_(2)、T_(3)处理分别较T_(1)处理降低45.2%和60.8%,差异达到显著水平;可溶性固形物、有机酸、番茄红素含量随着咸水浓度的增加而逐渐升高,其中可溶性固形物、有机酸含量的增加幅度较大,T_(2)、T_(3)处理分别较T_(1)处理增加22.9%、54.8%和28.6%、97.2%,3个处理间差异均达到显著水平,而V_(C)含量呈现先增加后减小的变化趋势;T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)处理分别检测出36、34和29种香气成分,3个处理中2-异丁基噻唑含量最高,且随着微咸水浓度的升高,2-异丁基噻唑含量明显增加。[结论]微咸水灌溉可以显著提升品质,但开花至拉秧期间持续灌溉却会大幅度降低番茄产量,基质栽培中应注重低浓度微咸水的利用,灌溉制度有待进一步研究。[Objective]The effects of brackish water drip irrigation on the growth,yield and quality of tomato under substrate culture were studied,in order to provide data supports for the efficient utilization of brackish water in the substrate cultivation of tomato.[Method]Using trough substrate cultivation method,three water treatment concentrations were set up,including T_(1)(0.3 g/L)(control),T_(2)(3.0 g/L),T_(3)(5.0 g/L).Irrigation was carried out from the tomato blooms to the seedling stage.The plant height,root dry and fresh weight,yield,soluble solids,V_(C),organic acid,lycopene,aromatic components and other quality indices were measured and analyzed.[Result]Within 5 days,the plant height growth of T_(1)and T_(2)treatments was roughly the same,but that of T_(3)treatment was significantly reduced.The dry and fresh root weight of T_(2)and T_(3)treatments were significantly lower than those of T_(1)treatment,and there was no significant difference between T_(2)and T_(3)treatments.With the concentration increase of brackish water,the yield of tomato gradually decreased,the yield of tomato in T_(2)and T_(3)treatments decreased by 45.2%and 60.8%respectively compared with T_(1)treatment,with significant difference.The content of soluble solids,organic acids,and lycopene gradually increased with the increase of salt water concentration,and soluble solids and organic acids increased by a large extent.The content of soluble solids and organic acids in T_(2)and T_(3)treatments increased by 22.9%,54.8%and 28.6%,97.2%respectively compared with T_(1)treatment,and there was significant difference among three treatments.V_(C)content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.36,34 and 29 kinds of aroma components were detected in T_(1),T_(2),and T_(3)treatments respectively.The relative content of 2-isobutylthiazole was the highest in the three treatments,and its content increased sharply as the concentration of brackish water increased.[Conclusion]Irrigation with brackish water could significantly improve the quality,

关 键 词：微咸水 番茄 基质栽培 生长 品质 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]