精草铵膦对环境生物的急性毒性与安全性评价  

Acute Toxicity and Safety Evaluation of Glufosinate-P to Environmental Organisms

作　　者：陈吉祥 于伟丽 苏磊 陈乐乐 白倩 张婷婷 王广友 吴培 CHEN Ji-xiang;YU Wei-li;SU Lei;CHEN Le-le;BAI Qian;ZHANG Ting-ting;WANG Guang-you;WU Pei(Key Laboratory of Chemical Pesticide of Shandong Province,Shandong Academy of Pesticide Sciences,Jinan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农药科学研究院山东省化学农药重点实验室,济南250000

出　　处：《农药》2021年第8期582-586,共5页Agrochemicals

基　　金：山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2021AI7)。

摘　　要：[目的]为明确精草铵膦对环境生物的安全性,开展了该药剂对鸟、家蚕、蚯蚓、蜜蜂、赤眼蜂和瓢虫的急性毒性试验。[方法]参照《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》GB/T 31270—2014和《化学农药天敌(瓢虫)急性接触毒性试验准则》NY/T 3088—2017试验方法。[结果]精草铵膦对鸟、蜜蜂经口和接触毒性的LD50值分别为282 mg a.i./kg b.w.、19.5、40.0μg a.i./蜂;对家蚕和蚯蚓的LC50值分别为186 mg a.i./L和>100 mg a.i./kg干土;对赤眼蜂和瓢虫的安全系数分别为0.415和0.278。[结论]该药剂对蚯蚓和蜜蜂表现为低毒,对鸟和家蚕表现为中毒,对赤眼蜂和瓢虫表现为高风险性,对环境安全性较好。[Aims] This study aims to confirm safety of glufosinate-P to environmental organisms, and to test the acute toxicity of glufosinate-P to six representative organisms. [Methods] Tests were conducted according to"Test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides", GB/T 31270-2014 and"Chemical pesticide-Guideline for natural enemy(ladybird beetles) acute contact toxicity test"NY/T 3088-2017. [Results] The results showed that the LD50 of glufosinate-P to Coturnix coturnix and the acute oral toxicity and contact toxicity to Apis mellifera were282 mg a.i./kg b.w., 19.5 and 40.0 μg a.i./bee, respectively;the LC50 of Bombyx mori and Eisenia foetida were 186 mg a.i./L and >100 mg a.i./kg dry soil, respectively;the safety factor of glufosinate-P to Trichogramma ostriniae and Coccinella septempunctata were 0.415 and 0.278. [Conclusions] The herbicide is low toxicity to E. foetida and A. mellifera,moderate toxicity to C. coturnix and B. mori, high toxicity to T. ostriniae and C. septempunctata, which is relatively safe to the environment.

关 键 词：精草铵膦 环境生物 急性毒性 安全性评价 

分 类 号：TQ450.2[化学工程—农药化工]