健康与腹泻林麝肠道菌群的多态性  

Polymorphism of fecal microbiota of healthy vs diarrhea musk deer

作　　者：杜欣颖[1] 夏介英[1] 李东晓[1] 张春梅[1] 周静[1] 竭航[2] DU Xin-ying;XIA Jie-ying;LI Dong-xiao;ZHANG Chun-mei;ZHOU Jing;JIE Hang(Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川省中医药科学院中医药临床基础与文献信息研究所,四川成都610041 [2]重庆市药物种植研究所

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2021年第7期745-751,共7页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：四川省基本科研业务专项“基于计算机辅助宏基因组信息分析的林麝腹泻与肠道菌群多态性的相关性研究”(A-2019N-26);四川省应用基础研究项目(面上)(2018JY0659)。

摘　　要：目的分析圈养状态下正常林麝和腹泻林麝粪便菌群的组成差异,找到能够影响肠道总菌群稳态的标志菌,为减少林麝腹泻提供防治新策略。方法测序分析54只健康林麝(正常组)和18只有腹泻症状的林麝(腹泻组)肠道菌群总DNA中16S rRNA基因V3-V4区,注释微生物种类和数量。计算Chao1、Ace、Shannon和Simpson等多样性指数,进行聚类分析。结果正常组和腹泻组之间共有的可操作分类单元(OTUs)2 366个,正常组特有的OTUs 409个,腹泻组特有的OTUs 150个。按组计算α多样性指数,结果表明腹泻组Chao1指数(1 352.766±75.497,t=10.798 7,P<0.000 1)、Ace指数(1 381.480±75.937,t=11.037 5,P<0.000 1)均高于正常组(1 126.655±81.090,1 149.175±81.370),Shannon指数(6.839±0.546,t=1.810 3,P=0.053 0)、Simpson指数(0.937±0.041,t=3.644 4,P<0.000 1)均低正常组(7.097±0.448,0.974±0.025)。通过Wilcoxon秩和检验,MRPP分析计算比较值A为0.072 4,组间差异大于组内差异(Significance=0.01),差异有统计学意义。2组门水平上比较,找到5个差异物种,分别为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)和黑水仙菌门(Melainabacteria)。属分类水平上,找到差异物种23个,其中有代表性的物种为拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、另枝菌属(Alistipes)、不动杆菌属(Agathobacter)、甲烷短杆菌属(Methanobrevibacter)、根瘤菌属(Rhizobiaceae)和黄金杆菌属(Chryseobacterium)。结论腹泻发生时,林麝的肠道菌群丰富度和多样性有所下降,菌群总量显著增加。拟杆菌门物种丰富度极显著性减少的同时,作为潜在致病菌标志的变形菌门(Proteobacteria)比例上升,Chryseobacterium数量极显著升高,研究结果丰富了对林麝腹泻基于肠道菌群变化的认识。Objective To analyze the differences in fecal microflora composition between normal and diarrheal forest musk deer in captivity, find out the marker bacteria that could affect the stability of total intestinal microflora, and provide new strategies for reducing diarrhea incidence in forest musk deer. Methods The 16 S rRNA gene V3-V4 region of total DNA of intestinal microflora was sequenced and analyzed in 54 healthy musk deer and 18 forest musk deer with diarrhea symptoms. The Chao1, Ace, Shannon and Simpson were calculated, and the distance clustering analysis was carried out. Results There were 2,366 OTUs shared between normal control group and diarrhea group, 409 OTUs specific to normal control group, and 150 OTUs specific to diarrhea group. The levels of Chao1 and Ace in diarrhea group were higher, while Shannon and Simpson were lower than those in normal control group respectively. Wilcoxon rank sum test showed the intergroup difference was greater than the intragroup difference(all P<0.01). At phylum level, five different species were found, which were Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Actinobacteria, Euryarchaeota and Melainabacteria. At genus level, 23 different species were found;the representative species were Bacteroides, Aristipes, Agathobacter, Methanobrevibacter, Rhizobiaceae and Chryseobacterium. Conclusion The abundance and diversity of intestinal microflora of musk deer decreased and the total amount of intestinal microflora increased significantly when diarrhea occurred. While the species richness of Bacteroides decreased significantly, the proportion of Proteobacteria as a potential pathogen increased, and the number of Chryseobacterium increased significantly.

关 键 词：林麝 腹泻 16S rRNA 粪便菌群 

分 类 号：S811.6[农业科学—畜牧学]