毛竹材不同部位纤维形态及部分物理性能差异  

Differences in fiber morphology and partial physical properties in different parts of Phyllostachys edulis

作　　者：李荣荣 贺楚君 彭博 王传贵[2] LI Rongrong;HE Chujun;PENG Bo;WANG Chuangui(College of Furnishings and Industrial Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学家居与工业设计学院,江苏南京210037 [2]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2021年第4期854-860,共7页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD04B0302)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明毛竹Phyllostachys edulis竹青、竹黄及竹肉不同部位的纤维形态、力学性能以及干缩性能等差异,为毛竹材高效利用提供基础数据。【方法】通过纤维离析与显微观察、力学性能与尺寸稳定性测试,分析比较毛竹材不同部位性能差异。【结果】毛竹材竹黄、竹肉与竹青不同部位中,纤维长度和宽度以及纤维占比差异极显著(P<0.01)。竹青和竹黄的纤维长宽比较为接近,且极显著小于竹肉(P<0.01)。竹青密布维管束,对毛竹材抗弯强度、弹性模量贡献最为大,其次为竹肉和竹黄。就顺纹抗压强度而言,从大到小依次为竹青、竹黄、竹肉。竹材横向干缩性明显大于纵向,全干干缩率从大到小依次为径向、弦向、纵向。竹材不同部位中,径向和弦向气干干缩率的大小关系略有差异。【结论】毛竹材不同部位性能差异明显,竹黄抗压力学性能优于竹肉,可将竹黄保留用于制备新型竹木复合材料,有助于提高竹材利用率。图2表5参37。[Objective]With an investigation of the differences of fiber morphology,mechanical properties and dry shrinkage properties in different parts of moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis),this study is aimed to provide basic data for the efficient utilization of moso bamboo.[Method]With fiber segregation,microscopic observation as well as tests of the mechanical properties and dimensional stability,a comparative analysis was conducted of the performance differences.[Result]The fiber length,width,and fiber proportion parameters were significantly different in different parts of bamboo(P<0.01).The length-width ratio of fiber in bamboo outer layer was similar to that in the inner layer,but significantly lower than that in the middle layer(P<0.01).Because of the dense vascular bundle distribution,the bamboo outer layer had the most significant contribution to the flexural strength and elastic modulus of bamboo samples,followed by the bamboo middle layer and then the bamboo inner layer.In terms of compression strength parallel to grain,the outer layer outperforms the inner layer and the middle layer(with a successive decrease).The horizontal dry shrinkage of bamboo was significantly greater than that of the longitudinal,and the total dry shrinkage was the largest in radial direction,followed by that of tangential direction and longitudinal direction.In different parts of the bamboo,the airdrying shrinkage rate in radial direction is slightly different from that in the tangential direction.[Conclusion]The properties of different parts of bamboo are obviously different,and the compressive property of the inner layer is better than that of the middle layer and with a certain structural design,the inner layer can be retained to prepare new bamboo-wood composite materials,which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of bamboo.[Ch,2 fig.5 tab.37 ref.].

关 键 词：木材学 毛竹 纤维形态 力学性能 竹青 竹黄 

分 类 号：S781[农业科学—木材科学与技术]