低轨卫星激光测距轨道预报方法及精度分析  

Prediction method and accuracy analysis of laser ranging orbit for LEO satellites

作　　者：王磊[1,2] 赵春梅 何正斌[2] 马天明[2] WANG Lei;ZHAO Chunmei;HE Zhengbin;MA Tianming(College of Geodesy and Geomatics,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266590,China;Beijing Fangshan Satellite Laser Ranging National Observation and Research Station,Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping,Beijing 100036,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学测绘与空间信息学院,山东青岛266590 [2]中国测绘科学研究院北京房山人卫激光国家野外科学观测研究站,北京100036

出　　处：《导航定位学报》2021年第4期24-31,共8页Journal of Navigation and Positioning

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41774013);中国测绘科学研究院基本科研业务费支持项目(AR2007)。

摘　　要：为了进一步提高卫星激光测距(SLR)站对低轨卫星轨道预报的精度,提出一种低轨卫星轨道预报方法:分析星载全球定位系统(GPS)定轨结果外推和瞬时轨道根数预报2种方法的可行性;并进一步研究常经验加速度和伪随机脉冲对星载GPS结果外推精度的影响,以及辐射压参数和伪随机脉冲参数对瞬时轨道根数预报精度的影响。实验结果表明:星载GPS定轨结果外推采用伪随机脉冲比常经验加速度解算出来的轨道根数外推精度更高,5 d的预报结果为,T方向差值优于350 m,且比瞬时轨道根数预报的轨道精度更稳定;瞬时轨道根数预报添加之前定轨解算出来的辐射压参数拟合轨道,能有效提高轨道预报的精度,2 d的预报结果为,T方向差值整体在300 m之内,符合激光测距要求。In order to further improve the orbit prediction accuracy of satellite laser ranging(SLR)station for low Earth orbit(LEO)satellites,the paper proposed a prediction method for LEO satellites:the feasibility of methods of the orbit determination result extrapolation and the instantaneous orbit element prediction for satellite-borne global positioning system(GPS)was analyzed;and the influence of constant empirical acceleration and pseudo-random pulse on the extrapolation accuracy of satellite-borne GPS results,and the influence of radiation pressure parameters and pseudo-random pulse parameters on the prediction accuracy of instantaneous orbit elements were further studied.Experimental result showed that:the extrapolation accuracy of orbit elements in satellite-borne GPS orbit determination calculated by pseudo-random pulse would be higher than that by constant empirical acceleration,and the prediction result of 5 d would be that the difference in T direction could be better than 350 m,and the orbit prediction accuracy would be more stable than that by instantaneous orbit elements;moreover,adding the radiation pressure parameters calculated by the previous orbit determination solution to fit the orbit in the instantaneous orbit element prediction could effectively improve the accuracy of orbit prediction,and the prediction result of 2 d would be that the difference value of T direction could be totally within 300 m,which meets the requirements of laser ranging.

关 键 词：卫星激光测距 低轨卫星 轨道预报 精密定轨 辐射压参数 伪随机脉冲参数 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]