颈后路不同手术方式治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病的研究进展  

Research Progress of Different Surgical Methods of Posterior Cervical Approach for Multilevel Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy

作　　者：陈天天 张勋 孟凡超 赵伟[1] CHEN Tiantian;ZHANG Xun;MENG Fanchao;ZHAO Wei(Department of Orthopedic Surgery,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院骨外科,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《医学综述》2021年第15期3039-3044,共6页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：后路手术是治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病的一种安全、有效的手术方式。与前路手术相比,后路手术不仅可以显著降低声音嘶哑、吞咽困难、种植体失败等并发症的发生率,还可以在尽可能地保留颈椎活动度的同时,有效地对受压的脊髓及神经根进行减压。该术式现已广泛应用于临床,并取得了令人满意的临床疗效。目前,颈后路手术方式主要分为椎板成形术、椎板切除术及显微内镜技术三大类,每种术式均有优点与不足,因此外科医师应根据患者实际情况选择最佳手术方式。随着各种改良技术及固定方式的发展,有更多、更有效的手术方式被人们发现。Posterior cervical spine surgery is a safe and effective surgical method for the treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.Compared with anterior approach,posterior approach can not only significantly reduce the complications such as hoarseness,dysphagia and implant failure,but also effectively decompress the spinal cord and nerve root while preserving the range of motion of the cervical spine as possible.This operation has been widely used in the clinical practice,and has achieved satisfactory clinical effects.At present,posterior cervical surgery methods are mainly divided into laminoplasty,laminectomy and microendoscopic technology.Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages.Therefore,the surgeons should choose the optimal surgical method according to the actual situation of the patients during the diagnosis and treatment.With the development of various improved techniques and fixation methods,more and more effective surgical methods will be discovered.

关 键 词：多节段脊髓型颈椎病 椎板切除术 椎板成形术 显微内镜技术 

分 类 号：R681.5[医药卫生—骨科学]