WRF-Hydro模型在典型中小流域的日径流模拟研究  

Daily Discharge Simulation of Small and Medium-Sized Humid and Semi-Humid Basins Using WRF-Hydro Model

作　　者：刘洪波[1] 菅浩然[1] 孙明坤 LIU Hongbo;JIAN Haoran;SUN Mingkun(Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute,Kaifeng 475004,China;College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利职业技术学院,河南开封475004 [2]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水文》2021年第4期48-55,共8页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51679061)。

摘　　要：新一代蓄满超渗结合的水文气象模型WRF-Hydro可在陆面模式基础上进行精细的水文模拟。然而利用它进行日径流模拟的研究并不充足。将WRF-Hydro应用于半湿润的陈河流域和湿润的屯溪流域,并结合新安江模型以探索其在中小流域中的径流模拟能力,为流域的径流模拟和水资源管理提供参考。结果表明:WRF-Hydro在屯溪日径流模拟表现较好,在陈河表现一般。虽然高估屯溪2014的洪峰,但整体表现较好,NSE与新安江模型相当或稍弱;在陈河,WRF-Hydro只在降水或径流较大的年份中表现较好,此时NSE稍弱于新安江模型。WRF-Hydro的表现与降雨径流关系的非线性程度有关,当降水或径流较小时模型表现可能不理想,这说明其计算超渗径流的机制仍需改进。该模型在湿润地区有较好的应用潜力;而应用在半湿润地区,可能需要更高质量的输入数据。As a new-generation hydrometeorological model featured by the combination of saturated-excess and infiltration-excess runoff,the WRF-Hydro model simulates fine hydrological processes based on Land Surface Model.However,there are few studies on daily discharge simulation using it.In this study,the WRF-Hydro model was applied to the semi-humid Chenhe basin and the humid Tunxi basin to investigate its runoff simulation capability in small and medium basins based on Xin’anjiang model,which provided references for runoff simulation and water resources management.The results show that the WRF-Hydro performs better in Tunxi and moderately in Chenhe for daily discharge simulation.In Tunxi,it performs well in general despite overestimation of the flood peak in 2014,where the NSEs are equivalent to or slightly lower than those of Xin’anjiang model;in Chenhe,the WRFHydro model only performs better in years with higher precipitation or runoff,where corresponding NSEs slightly lower than those of Xin’anjiang model.The performance of the WRF-Hydro model is related to the nonlinearity of rainfall-runoff relationship,and it performs poorly with lower precipitation or runoff,revealing that its mechanism of infiltration-excess needs to be improved.This model shows better application potential for humid regions,but it possibly needs high-quality input data if it is applied in semihumid regions.

关 键 词：WRF-Hydro模型 日径流模拟 半湿润地区 湿润地区 中小流域 新安江模型 

分 类 号：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源]