当代中国慈善话语的多元文化谱系  

The Multicultural Pedigree of Charity Discourse in Contemporary China

作　　者：马剑银[1,2] Ma Jianyin

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院 [2]北京师范大学公益慈善与非营利法治研究中心

出　　处：《中国非营利评论》2021年第1期89-101,共13页China Nonprofit Review

摘　　要：对于“慈善”话语当代中国并没有真正的共识,还有人不愿意用“慈善”而喜欢用“公益”,但有时又将“慈善”与“公益”用英文“charity”和“philanthropy”直接对应,这里存在语词的误用,实质是文化的误解。人们使用“慈善”话语,都自觉不自觉地反映或者表达某种文化,这些文化有传统中国的、西方的,西方的慈善文化中又有古希腊-罗马的、古希伯来-基督教的,即使现代西方的慈善文化也有英、美国甚至欧陆的区分,此外印度-佛教文化和伊斯兰文化在中国的慈善实践中也有印记。因此,当代中国慈善话语的表达具有文化多元的特征,而且这些文化实际是在竞争之中,共同塑造着中国慈善文化的未来走向,所以我们需要有一种文化自觉。No real consensus in the“CiShan/charity”discourse in contemporary China.Some people prefer to use“Gongyi/public benefit”instead of“Cishan/charity”,but sometimes use the English“charity”and“philanthropy” for“Cishan”and“Gongyi”.There is a misuse of words,which is essentially a cultural misunderstanding.When people use the charity discourse,they reflect or express a certain culture consciously of unconsciously.These cultures include traditional Chinese and Western ones.The Western charity culture is distinguished as ancient and modern sources,and the former includes Greek-Roman,ancient Hebrew-Christian charity cultures,the latter includes Britain,American and the Continent of Europe ones.In addition,India-Buddhist and Islamic charity cultures also have their mark on the practice of charity in China.Therefore,the expression of contemporary Chinese charity discourse is characterized by cultural diversity,and these cultures are actually in competition,jointly shaping the future direction of Chinese charity culture,so we need to have a cultural consciousness.

关 键 词：慈善 慈善话语 慈善文化 话语竞争 

分 类 号：D632.9[政治法律—政治学]