定子电流信号中的齿轮故障过调制特征及二次幅值解调分析  

Over-modulation characteristics of gear faults in stator current signals and secondary demodulation analysis method

作　　者：时献江[1] 李洪建 郭华[1] 司俊山[1] SHI Xian-jiang;LI Hong-jian;GUO Hua;SI Jun-shan(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2021年第8期113-122,共10页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51275136)。

摘　　要：针对电动机定子电流信号中齿轮故障调制成分复杂、故障特征不易识别问题,首先从全局域双边频谱分析入手,分析定子电流信号中的齿轮故障过调制及双重调制现象的成因及规律,提出一种二次幅值解调分析的齿轮故障特征提取方法。根据Hertz接触冲击理论推导齿轮表面局部故障时的激励力矩变化函数,以此建立电动机驱动齿轮副系统的计算机仿真模型,并搭建齿轮故障模拟试验装置。利用仿真和试验分析方法重现定子电流信号中的过调制特征,并验证二次幅值解调包络谱分析方法的有效性。结果表明,该方法可以有效剔除电源及齿轮啮合频率调制成分,消除过调制现象产生的频率混叠误差,得到的齿轮故障频率成分更加准确与清晰,其谐波幅值分布符合一般的齿轮故障特征分布规律。Aiming at the problem that the gear fault modulation component in the motor stator current signal is complex and the fault characteristics are difficult to identify,the global bilateral frequency spectrum analysis is carried out to analyze the causes and laws of the over-modulation and double-modulation phenomena of the gear fault in the stator current signal.A gear fault feature extraction method based on secondary amplitude demodulation analysis is proposed.According to the Hertz contact impact theory,the excitation torque change function of the partial failure of the gear surface was derived to establish the computer simulation model of the motor-driven gear pair system,and build the gear failure simulation test device.Simulation and experimental analysis methods were used to reproduce the over-modulation characteristics in the stator current signal and verify the effectiveness of the secondary amplitude demodulation envelope spectrum analysis method.The results show that the method can effectively eliminate the frequency modulation components of the power supply and gear meshing,and the frequency aliasing error caused by the over-modulation phenomenon.The gear fault frequency components obtained are more accurate and clear,and the harmonic amplitude distribution is in line with the general law of the distribution of gear fault characteristics.

关 键 词：齿轮 定子电流 过调制 双边谱特征 二次幅值解调 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]