黄土高原淋溶土黏粒、氧化铁与颜色的关系及发生学解释--以山西土系调查的31个黏化层为例  

The Correlation of Soil Color Relative to Clay and Iron Oxides in Alfisol of the Loess Plateau and Its Genetic Explanation-A Case Study of the 31 Argillic Horizons Covered in the Soil Series Survey of Shanxi Province

作　　者：张蕾 张凤荣 靳东升 李超 ZHANG Lei;ZHANG Fengrong;JIN Dongsheng;LI Chao(College of Land Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Agriculture Environment and Resources,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030006,China;Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京100193 [2]山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,太原030006 [3]自然资源部国土整治中心,北京100035

出　　处：《土壤学报》2021年第4期876-886,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671216);国家科技基础性工作专项(2014FY110200)资助。

摘　　要：以黄土高原山西省14个淋溶土剖面的31个偏红的黏化层(Bt)为研究对象,分析了其全铁、游离氧化铁、无定形态氧化铁的含量与土壤颜色参数、黏粒含量之间的相关性,并建立了定量关系模型。结果表明:Bt的黏粒含量与氧化铁含量之间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);颜色的红度与全铁、游离氧化铁和无定形氧化铁含量之间均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),其中游离氧化铁是最直接的土壤红色“染色剂”;其他色调、明度与彩度等颜色参数与土壤全铁、游离氧化铁含量之间亦呈现出显著的相关性,这也间接说明了黏粒含量与土壤颜色具有一定相关性。野外观测发现,某些黏化层结构体表面颜色较结构体内基质颜色更红,证实了在土壤结构体表面氧化铁随着黏粒在土壤空隙中的迁移淀积。黄土高原淋溶土偏红的黏化层多是来自由于土壤侵蚀而出露地表或接近地表的第三纪保德红土和第四纪红黏土,其黏粒含量、土壤颜色等指标均表明第三纪的古气候条件较第四纪更为湿热。【Objective】Clay content and soil color are the most basic physical properties of soil.And soil color,including its hue,value and chroma,is highly influenced by type,content and state of the ferric oxides in the soil.As a result of the intense erosion during the later period of the development of the Loess Plateau,the ancient red clay layer,originally buried down in the lower part of the plateau has emerged up close to or even out of the surface,which is of high significance in the researches on soil genesis and ancient environment.But so far little has been reported about any systematic studies on relationships of soil color with clay content and iron oxides in the ancient red clay soil of the Loess Plateau.The purpose of this paper is to provide certain scientific basis for further studies of soil classification,paleosol and paleoenvironment in the plateau.【Method】Soil samples were collected from the thirty one argillic horizons of the Alfisol profiles in Shanxi Province on the Loess Plateau for analysis of contents of total iron,free iron oxide,amorphous iron oxide and clay and soil color,and further for quantitative exploration of relationships of soil color(hue,value and chroma)with the first three indices,respectively.【Result】Results show that clay content in the argillic horizons was positively related to the content of iron oxides(P<0.01),and so was soil color,and especially soil redness(P<0.01),of which free iron oxide contributed the most.The other soil color parameters,like hue,brightness and chroma,were also significantly related to total iron oxides and free iron oxides,which indirectly indicates that clay content had a certain relationship with soil color.It was also found in field observations that the surfaces of some argic horizons were redder than the matrix inside the horizons,which demonstrates that iron oxide migrates with clay through soil pores and accumulates on the surface.【Conclusion】In Alfisols of the Loess Plateau,the reddish argillic horizons develop mainly from the Ter

关 键 词：黄土高原 红色古土壤 黏粒含量 土壤颜色 氧化铁 

分 类 号：S159[农业科学—土壤学]