气管切开患者照顾者照护体验质性研究的Meta整合  

Meta-integration of qualitative researches on caring experience of caregivers of patients undergoing tracheotomy

作　　者：尹淑慧 彭瑛[1] 钟礼立[1] 石泽亚[2] Yin Shuhui;Peng Ying;Zhong Lili;Shi Zeya(Department of Pediatrics/Key Laboratory of Children's Respiratory Diseases of Hunan Province,Hunan Provincial People's Hospital(the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University),Changsha 410005,China;Comprehensive Office,Hunan Provincial People's Hospital(the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University),Changsha 410005,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省人民医院(湖南师范大学附属第一医院)儿科/儿童呼吸病学湖南省重点实验室,长沙410005 [2]湖南省人民医院(湖南师范大学附属第一医院)综合办,长沙410005

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2021年第24期3251-3258,共8页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：湖南省2020年度残疾人康复科研项目(2020XK029)。

摘　　要：目的:分析与评价气管切开患者照顾者的照护体验。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、EBSCO、Embase、CNKI、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统中有关气管切开患者照顾者照护体验的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2020年11月30日。采用澳大利亚Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准进行文献质量评价,采用汇集性整合方法对结果进行整合分析。结果:共纳入7篇文献,其中英文文献5篇,中文文献2篇,6篇文献为现象学研究,1篇文献为扎根理论研究。最终归纳为10个类别,综合成3个整合结果。整合结果1:照顾者心理压力超负荷,在角色适应和社交方面遭遇困境,状态消极;整合结果2:照顾者的照护能力不足,感到疲惫,出院后的过渡期难以适应,渴望得到支持;整合结果3:照顾者逐渐适应,积极面对现实,转变观念,在实现自我成长的同时学会了感恩。结论:气管切开患者照顾者的状态既有消极的一面,也有积极的一面,且存在多方面的心理、社会、家庭问题与照护指导需求,医护人员应重视气管切开患者照顾者的心理压力,为其提供疾病照护指导,帮助照顾者强化社会及家庭支持系统,减轻照顾者照护负担,提高照护质量。Objective To analyze and evaluate caring experience of caregivers of patients undergoing tracheotomy.Methods PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,Embase,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,VIP Database and SinoMed were searched by computer,and literature on quality studies on caring experience of caregivers of patients undergoing tracheostomy were searched.The time limit for retrieval was from the establishment of the database to November 30,2020.The quality of literature was evaluated by using the quality evaluation standards of Australia Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)Evidence-based Health Care Center.The results were analyzed by the collective integration method.Results A total of 7 articles were included,including 5 English articles and 2 Chinese articles.Among them,6 articles were phenomenological studies and 1 article was grounded theory research.In the end,it was summarized into 10 categories and integrated into 3 integrated results.The first integration result was psychological overload of caregivers,difficulties in role adaptation and social interaction and negative state.The second integrated result was that the caregivers'ability to care for was insufficient and they were exhausted.For them,the transition period after discharge was difficult to adapt and they were eager for support.The third integrated result was that caregivers gradually adapted,actively faced reality,changed their concepts and learned to be grateful while achieving self-growth.Conclusions The status of caregivers of patients undergoing tracheotomy has both negative and positive aspects,and there are many psychological,social and family problems as well as nursing guidance needs.Medical staff should pay attention to the psychological pressure of caregivers of patients undergoing tracheotomy,provide them with disease care guidance,help caregivers strengthen the social and family support system,reduce the caregiver burden and improve the quality of care.

关 键 词：气管切开术 照顾者 照护体验 质性研究 Meta整合 

分 类 号：R653[医药卫生—外科学]