由anammox转为CANON工艺的调控策略及微生物响应特性  

Regulation strategies and microbial response characteristics in the transformation process from anammox to CANON

作　　者：毛文龙 杨瑞丽 王晓君[2] 张召基[2] 吴俊斌 陈少华[2] MAO Wenlong;YANG Ruili;WANG Xiaojun;ZHANG Zhaoji;WU Junbin;CHEN Shaohua(School of Resources and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福州350002 [2]中国科学院城市环境研究所,城市污染物转化重点实验室,厦门361021 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2021年第7期2488-2501,共14页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：福建省科技计划引导性项目(2019Y0076);中国科学院城市环境研究所青年人才前沿项目(IUEQN201801)。

摘　　要：为探究全程自养脱氮工艺(completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite,CANON)启动和高负荷运行过程中微生物响应特性并确定有效的调控策略,基于已稳定运行的厌氧氨氧化(anaerobic ammonium oxidation,anammox)系统,通过调控DO、pH和游离氨,并采取逐渐降低NO_(2)^(-)-N和提升NH_(4)^(+)-N的质量浓度的方式将其转为CANON工艺。结果表明:以10~20 mg·L^(−1)的游离氨为参考因素,调控DO为0.2~0.5 mg·L^(−1)、pH为7.0~7.2,可有效抑制亚硝酸盐氧化菌增殖,稳步提升氨氧化速率和氮去除速率(分别约为0.98 kg·(m^(3)·d)^(−1)和1.67 kg·(m^(3)·d)^(−1)),顺利启动CANON工艺;anammox和亚硝化途径对NH_(4)^(+)-N的转化比最终稳定在0.73左右;高质量浓度(>1800 mg·L^(−1))的氨氮会促使anammox菌基因丰度增加,而使氨氧化菌基因丰度降低;anammox菌在CANON启动前期和高负荷条件下分别以Candidatus Kuenenia和Candidatus Brocadia为优势菌属,而SM1A02作为可能的anammox菌属同氨氧化菌属Nitrosomona在启动过程中始终为优势菌属。To explore the microbial response characteristics during the start-up and the high-load operation phase and determine the effective regulation strategy of the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite(CANON)process,a stable anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)system was conducted by adjusting the environmental factors(DO,pH and free ammonia),gradually reducing the concentration of nitrite and increasing the concentration of ammonia,then its transformation to CANON process was completed.The results showed that when the free ammonia was 10~20 mg·L^(−1),DO was 0.2~0.5 mg·L^(−1),and pH was 7.0~7.2,the growth of nitrite oxidation bacteria was inhibited,the ammonia oxidation rate and nitrogen removal rate could be gradually improved to 0.98 and 1.60 kg·(m^(3)·d)^(−1),respectively,and start-up of CANON was successfully completed.In addition,the NH_(4)^(+)-N transformation ratio of anammox and nitrification pathway was finally stable at about 0.73.High concentration(>1800 mg·L^(−1))of ammonia increased the abundance of anammox,but had an opposite effect on the ammonium oxidizing bacteria.The Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia were the main genera of anammox bacteria under the early stage of the start-up and high-load condition,respectively.However,the SM1A02,as a possible genus of anammox bacteria,and Nitrosomonas,as a genus of AOB,were always the main genera during the start-up.

关 键 词：全程自养脱氮工艺 氨氮转化路径 游离氨 微生物特性 氮去除率 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]