Quantum control of bosonic modes with superconducting circuits  

超导系统中玻色模式的量子控制

作　　者：Wen-Long Ma Shruti Puri Robert J.Schoelkopf Michel H.Devoret SMGirvin Liang Jiang 马稳龙;Shruti Puri;Robert J.Schoelkopf;Michel H.Devoret;S.M.Girvin;蒋良(State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures,Institute of Semiconductors,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100083,China;Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering,University of Chicago,Illinois 60637,USA;Department of Applied Physics and Physics,Yale University,New Haven,Connecticut 06511,USA;Yale Quantum Institute,Yale University,New Haven,Connecticut 06511,USA)

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures,Institute of Semiconductors,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100083,China [2]Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering,University of Chicago,Illinois 60637,USA [3]Department of Applied Physics and Physics,Yale University,New Haven,Connecticut 06511,USA [4]Yale Quantum Institute,Yale University,New Haven,Connecticut 06511,USA

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2021年第17期1789-1805,M0004,共18页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：support from the ARO (W911NF-18-1-0020 and W911NF-18-1-0212);ARO MURI (W911NF-16-1-0349);AFOSR MURI (FA9550-19-1-0399);NSF (EFMA-1640959, OMA-1936118, EEC-1941583);NTT Research, the Packard Foundation (201339273);the Startup Foundation of Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences (E0SEBB11)。

摘　　要：Bosonic modes have wide applications in various quantum technologies,such as optical photons for quantum communication,magnons in spin ensembles for quantum information storage and mechanical modes for reversible microwave-to-optical quantum transduction.There is emerging interest in utilizing bosonic modes for quantum information processing,with circuit quantum electrodynamics(circuit QED)as one of the leading architectures.Quantum information can be encoded into subspaces of a bosonic superconducting cavity mode with long coherence time.However,standard Gaussian operations(e.g.,beam splitting and two-mode squeezing)are insufficient for universal quantum computing.The major challenge is to introduce additional nonlinear control beyond Gaussian operations without adding significant bosonic loss or decoherence.Here we review recent advances in universal control of a single bosonic code with superconducting circuits,including unitary control,quantum feedback control,drivendissipative control and holonomic dissipative control.Various approaches to entangling different bosonic modes are also discussed.玻色模式在多种量子技术中都有重要应用,比如光子常用于量子通信,自旋系综中的磁振子可用于量子信息存储,力学谐振子可用于微波到光波的量子转换.最近的研究表明,玻色模式也可用于进行量子计算,其最具代表性的物理体系是超导量子谐振腔电路.超导系统的玻色模式可以具有较长的相干时间,量子信息可以存储在这些玻色模式的希尔伯特子空间中.对玻色模式进行量子操控的难点在于引入除高斯操控以外的非线性操控.本综述系统介绍了目前对玻色模式进行量子控制的各种理论方法和实验进展,包括幺正控制、量子反馈控制、驱动-耗散控制与和乐量子控制.文章总结的操控方法将对玻色量子计算的进一步发展具有重要的指导意义.

关 键 词：Bosonic modes Circuit QED Unitary dynamics Quantum feedback control Driven-dissipative processes Holonomic quantum computation 

分 类 号：O469[理学—凝聚态物理]