新型航天电子设备用中子屏蔽复合材料制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties of Neutron Shielding Composites forSpacecraft Electronics

作　　者：宫敏 许龙龙 王佳平[2] 高建义[2] 高健 林祥[1] 王东瑞[1] GONG Min;XU Longlong;WANG Jiaping;GAO Jianyi;GAO Jian;LIN Xiang;WANG Dongrui(School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2021年第4期446-450,共5页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：1226工程重点项目(BWS17J028);国家自然科学基金(21574012)。

摘　　要：针对载人航天任务中电子设备对轻质、导电中子屏蔽材料的需求,采用具有高电导率的银包铝微球(Ag@Al)填充聚乙烯(PE),通过熔融混炼和压制方法制备了新型中子屏蔽复合材料,研究了不同填料含量对所得复合材料的电导率、PTC效应及中子屏蔽性能的影响。结果表明:采用高电导率的Ag@Al微球填充PE可获得同时具有良好PTC效应和中子屏蔽功能的复合材料;含量为72%质量分数的Ag@Al复合材料,室温电阻率可低至10^(-3)Ω·m量级,PTC强度为9.49,同时厚度为1 mm的试样可屏蔽约32%的入射热中子。To meet the demands of lightweight and highly electrically conductive for neutron shielding materials in aerospace missions,highly conductive Ag@Al core-shell microspheres were used to fill the polyethylene(PE),and the composite materials for neutron shielding were prepared by the melt mixing and pressing method.The influences of filler content on the conductivity,PTC behavior,and neutron shielding performance of the resulting composite materials were studied in detail.The results showed that using Ag@Al microspheres of high conductivity to fill PE was crucial to prepare composites with both good PTC properties and neutron shielding ability.The composite with 72%weight fraction of Ag@Al microspheres exhibited a room temperature resistivity as low as 10^(-3)Ω·m,a PTC intensity of 9.49,and could shield about 32%of incident thermal neutrons with the sample thickness of 1 mm.

关 键 词：聚乙烯 复合材料 正温度效应 中子屏蔽 

分 类 号：V45[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]