2219铝合金薄板拉拔式摩擦塞焊工艺及力学性能优化  

Optimization of welding process and mechanical properties of friction pull plug welded joint on 2219 aluminum alloy sheet

作　　者：赵慧慧 高焓 胡蓝 董吉义 尹玉环 崔雷[2,3] Zhao Huihui;Gao Han;Hu Lan;Dong Jiyi;Yin Yuhuan;Cui Lei(Shanghai Aerospace Equipment Manufacturing General Factory Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200245,China;Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司,上海200245 [2]天津大学,天津300072 [3]天津市现代连接技术重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《焊接》2021年第6期48-55,64,共9页Welding & Joining

基　　金：上海人才发展资金资助项目(2020038);上海市学术技术带头人科技计划项目(21XD1431800);国防基础科研计划资助项目(JCKY2017205A002)。

摘　　要：针对5.5 mm厚2219铝合金拉拔式摩擦塞补焊工艺及接头力学性能进行了研究。设计了4种不同几何形状的塞棒,通过试验确定了优化的塞棒几何形状和尺寸:塞棒为圆弧形(R=50 mm)、小端直径32 mm、圆锥段长度16.17 mm。在焊接转速7000 r/min、轴向拉力30 kN、轴向进给量10 mm的工艺参数下获得了成形良好的接头。显微组织分析表明,塞棒与母材界面结合良好,毗邻结合界面的母材侧晶粒发生了动态再结晶,热机械影响区晶粒沿着塞棒的挤压方向被拉长。正交试验及分析结果表明,在焊接转速、轴向拉力和轴向进给量3个主要焊接参数中,焊接转速对接头强度的影响最大,轴向拉力次之,轴向进给量最小。当焊接转速达到7000 r/min以上时,提高焊接轴拉力有助于提高焊接接头的抗拉强度。文中所获得焊接接头的最优抗拉强度为357 MPa,相当于母材抗拉强度的76.7%。在界面结合质量良好的情况下,塞补焊接头拉伸断裂位置为热机械影响区,断口表面呈韧性特征。In this paper,the friction pull plug welding process and mechanical properties of 2219 aluminum alloy with 5.5 mm thickness were studied.Four kinds of plug with different geometrical shapes were designed,and the optimal plug geometry and size were determined through experiments,the plug was circular(R=50 mm),the diameter of little end was 32 mm,and the length of conical section was 16.17 mm.Under the rotation speed of 7000 r/min,axial tension force of 30 kN and axial feed of 10 mm,defect-free welded joints could be obtained.The microstructure analysis showed that the interface between plug and base material was good,and the grains on the side of the base material adjacent to the interface had dynamic recrystallization,and the grains in the thermal-mechanical affected zone were elongated along the extrusion direction of the plug.The orthogonal test and analysis results showed that among the three main welding parameters such as rotation speed,axial tension force and axial feed,the rotation speed,had the greatest influence on the tensile strength of the joint,the axial tension force was the second,and the axial feed was the least.When the rotation speed reached more than 7000 r/min,the tensile strength of the joint could be improved by increasing the axial tension force.The highest tensile strength of the joint obtained in this paper could reach 357 MPa,which was equivalent to 76.7%of the base material.Under the condition of good bonding interface,the tensile fracture location of the joint was the thermal-mechanical affected zone,and the fracture surface showed toughness characteristics.

关 键 词：2219铝合金 拉拔式摩擦塞焊 焊接工艺 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG453[金属学及工艺—焊接]