早熟草莓新品种紫金早玉的选育  

Breeding report of a new early ripening strawberry cultivar Zijin Zaoyu

作　　者：王庆莲[1] 赵密珍[1] 王壮伟[1] 于红梅[1] 关玲[1] 蔡伟建[1] 吴士俊 WANG Qinglian;ZHAO Mizhen;WANG Zhuangwei;YU Hongmei;GUAN Ling;CAI Weijian;WU Shijun(Institute of Pomology,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China;Yixing Qiangmei Professional Fruit Cooperatives,Yixing 214200,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院果树研究所·江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,南京210014 [2]宜兴市强莓果品专业合作社,江苏宜兴214200

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第8期1407-1409,共3页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目(PZCZ201721);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000800);江苏省科技项目(BE2020338);宜兴市科技项目(2019NY14)。

摘　　要：紫金早玉是由极早熟抗病草莓新品种宁玉与爱知6号杂交选育出的早熟抗病草莓新品种。果实圆锥形,平均单果质量20.6 g,果面红色、光泽强,果肉橙红色。果实风味酸甜,香气浓郁,全年平均可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为11.1%,果实硬度高,为2.0 kg·cm^(-2)。在江苏南京地区,9月上旬定植,11月中旬成熟。植株耐热性强,育苗容易;抗炭疽病、白粉病和灰霉病;丰产,产量达39 t·hm^(-2)。适合我国大部分地区设施促成栽培。Zijin Zaoyu is a new early ripening strawberry cultivar with diseases resistance and was derived from a cross between Ningyu and Aichi 6 at experimental field.In 2010,1043 hybrid seeds were obtained by artificial hybridization pollination.In 2011,it was initially selected for the bright color,good taste and early ripening.The line was further evaluated for its uniformity and stability in 2012.And it was finally selected in 2017 after regional adaptability testing at Lishui,Jurong,Donghai,Rugao and Yixing in Jiangsu from 2013 to 2016.The plant growth of this cultivar is strong and the growth habit of the plant is semi-upright.In January,the plant height is 14.7 cm and the crown diameter is 39.4 cm and 28.2 cm.The leaves are elliptic with medium green in color.The leaf length is 6.9-7.1 cm and the leaf width is 6.1 cm.The petiole length is 10.5 cm.The flowers are hermaphrodite with white color.The average length of the inflorescence is 18.8 cm and the flowers number per inflorescence is 9-12.The fruit is conical with red peel and good surface.The flesh is orange-red with intense aroma.The fruit is bigger and the average weight is 20.6 g.The fruit tastes sweet with some sour and the content of soluble solids is 11.1%.The fruit firmness is much higher with 2.0 kg·cm^(-2).The planting time is in early September,and the fruits ripen in middle November in the protected culture of Nanjing,Jiangsu.The yield is up to 39 t·hm^(-2).It is resistant to anthracnose,powdery mildew and gray mould.This cultivar is suitable for forcing cultivation in most areas of China.The cultivation technique of Zijin Zaoyu is similar to common strawberry varieties.But it is need to apply enough base-fertilizes for its higher yield and to remove the old or diseased leaves in time.

关 键 词：草莓 新品种 紫金早玉 抗病 早熟 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]