甘肃省天水市2017-2020年两种重要媒介蚊虫监测结果分析  

Surveillance results of two important vector mosquitoes in Tianshui,Gansu,China,2017-2020

作　　者：陈秋梅[1] 王热勤[1] 吴海霞[2] 张涛 马燕东[1] 颉东岗 管斌 CHEN Qiu-mei;WANG Re-qin;WU Hai-xia;ZHANG Tao;MA Yan-dong;JIE Dong-gang;GUAN Bin(Vector Control Division,Tianshui Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianshui,Gansu 741000,China;State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management,Department of Vector Biology and Control,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]天水市疾病预防控制中心病媒防制科,甘肃天水741000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所媒介生物控制室,传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,世界卫生组织媒介生物监测与管理合作中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2021年第4期456-460,共5页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

摘　　要：目的分析甘肃省天水市三带喙库蚊和白纹伊蚊在不同生境的密度变化和季节消长,为天水市蚊虫及相关传染病的预防控制提供科学依据。方法2017-2020年每月2次选定5~7个生境进行调查,采用诱蚊灯法监测库蚊成蚊,选择3个生境采用双层叠帐法监测伊蚊成蚊。应用SPSS 21.0软件对不同年份、生境、月份数据差异进行χ^(2)检验、Welch’s ANOVA和中位数检验。结果2017-2020年共捕获雌蚊19659只,其中捕获三带喙库蚊5759只(占29.29%),4年的蚊虫种群构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=851.227,P<0.001);4年平均蚊密度为5.81只(/灯·夜),以8月最高〔17.17只(/灯·夜)〕,2017和2018年三带喙库蚊密度明显高于2019和2020年,2017-2018年7-9月蚊密度与其他月份密度比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.000,P=0.035);4年中三带喙库蚊密度与流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)发病数显著相关(r=0.629,P<0.001);生境中总体以猪圈三带喙库蚊密度最高〔17.33只(/灯·夜)〕,但2017和2018年(乙脑高发年份)以牛圈密度最高。白纹伊蚊平均帐诱指数为4.10只(/顶·h);季节分布以8月帐诱指数最高,各月间密度差异有统计学意义(F=207.031,P=0.001);连续4年在各监测生境均发现白纹伊蚊,以废旧物品处/工地帐诱指数最高,不同生境间帐诱指数差异有统计学意义(F=16.892,P=0.010)。结论牛棚和猪圈是天水市三带喙库蚊的优势生境,每年8月其密度最高;白纹伊蚊已在天水市各监测生境分布,废旧物品处/工地是其重要孳生地,密度高峰为7-8月。因此,应加强天水市蚊媒分布和孳生环境的调查研究,依据其生态学特点开展灭蚊工作,为防制相关疾病做好有效的预防。Objective To investigate the density distribution and seasonal variation of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Aedes albopictus in different habitats in Tianshui,Gansu province,China,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mosquitoes and related infectious diseases in Tianshui.Methods A 4-year investigation was performed for 5-7 habitats twice a month from 2017 to 2020.The light trapping method was used to monitor adult Culex mosquitoes,and the double-layered mosquito net method was used to monitor adult Aedes mosquitoes in 3 habitats.SPSS 21.0 software was used to perform the chi-square test,Welch’s ANOVA analysis,and median test for the data of different years,habitats,and months.Results A total of 19659 female mosquitoes were captured from 2017 to 2020,among which there were 5759 Cx.tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes(accounting for 29.29%),and there was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of different mosquito populations in the four years(χ^(2)=851.227,P<0.001).The 4-year mean mosquito density was 5.81 mosquitoes/light/night,with the highest density of 17.17 mosquitoes/light/night in August,and the density of Cx.tritaeniorhynchus in 2017 and 2018 was significantly higher than that in 2019 and 2020,while mosquito density in July,August,and September of 2017-2018 was significantly different from that in other months(χ^(2)=12.000,P=0.035).The density of Cx.tritaeniorhynchus was significantly correlated with the number of Japanese encephalitis(JE)cases in the 4 years(r=0.629,P<0.001).The highest density of Cx.tritaeniorhynchus was found in pigsties,i.e.,17.33 mosquitoes/light/night,while the highest density was observed in cattle sheds in 2017 and 2018(with a high incidence rate of JE).The mean net trap index of Ae.albopictus was 4.10 mosquitoes/net/hour,and the highest net trap index was observed in August,with a significant difference in density across months(F=207.031,P=0.001).Ae.albopictus was found in all habitats monitored for 4 consecutive years,and the highest net trap ind

关 键 词：三带喙库蚊 白纹伊蚊 密度 季节消长 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]