典型海域船舶用铜材表面生物污损与腐蚀性能研究  

Study on the Biological Fouling and Corrosion of Copper surface in Typical Sea Area

作　　者：王利[1] 蔺存国[1] 苏艳[2] 丁康康 郭为民[1] WANG Li;LIN Cun-guo;SU Yan;DING Kang-kang;GUO Wei-min(State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection,Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute,Qingdao 266237,China;Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering,Natural Environmental Test and Research Center of Science Technology and Industry for National Defense,Chongqing 400039,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所海洋腐蚀与防护重点实验室,山东青岛266237 [2]西南技术工程研究所国防科技工业自然环境试验研究中心,重庆400039

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2021年第8期52-58,共7页Equipment Environmental Engineering

基　　金：技术基础科研项目(JSHS2016207B004,JSHS2018207B002);西南技术工程研究所合作基金项目(HDHDW5902020101)。

摘　　要：目的对比研究铜合金、紫铜在我国黄海、东海和南海海域具有代表性的港口海水环境中的污损、腐蚀行为。方法依据GB 12763.6—2007《海洋调查规范》和GB/T 5776—2005《金属和合金的腐蚀试验方法》,通过实海挂片研究ZQMnD12-8-3-2、铜镍合金B10/B30和紫铜T2在我国典型海域青岛港口、舟山港口、三亚港口的生物污损与腐蚀状况。结果铜镍合金B10、B30和紫铜T2在三海域均具有良好的抑制污损生物附着的性能,其中紫铜抑制污损生物附着的性能最为突出,但其腐蚀严重,腐蚀速率为3.97×10^(-2)~8.48×10^(-2) mm/a;铸造青铜ZQMnD12-8-3-2虽然含铜量略高于铜镍合金B30,但由于其腐蚀产物易附着于材料表面,其污损抑制性能较差。结论铜镍合金B10、B30和紫铜T2均有抑制污损生物附着的性能,但受不同海域环境因素和材料表面腐蚀产物致密性的影响有所差异。受泥沙水质影响,舟山港口内铜合金的腐蚀速率较高,腐蚀显著,三亚港口内紫铜的腐蚀速率最高。The purpose of the paper is to comparatively research the biological fouling and corrosion of copper and copper alloys in the marine environment of the typical harbors of the Huanghai Sea,the East China Sea and the South China Sea.The field biological fouling and corrosion tests of copper and copper alloys are performed in the harbor seawater of Qingdao,Zhoushan and Sanya for a year in accordance with GB 12763.6—2007 Specifications for Oceanographic Survey and GB/T 5776—2005 Corrosion Test Methods for Metals and Alloys.The observation of biological fouling and the measurement of corrosion rate are conducted.The results show that Cu-Ni alloy B10,B30 and copper T2 have good performance in inhibiting fouling organisms in the three harbors,and copper T2 is better than Cu-Ni alloys,but its corrosion is serious.Bronze ZQMnD12-8-3-2 has a slightly higher copper content than Cu-Ni alloy B30,but its fouling inhibition performance is poor probably due to the adhesion of corrosion products on the surface.In brief,Cu-Ni alloy B10,B30 and copper T2 can inhibit the adhesion of fouling organisms,but there are some differences influenced by environmental factors and compactness of surface corrosion products of different sea areas.Under the influence of sediment containing water,the corrosion rate of copper alloys is higher in Zhoushan than those on other places.The corrosion rate of copper is the highest in Sanya of the three.

关 键 词：生物污损 铜合金 典型海域 腐蚀 港口 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]