深度老龄化背景下城市社区居家养老的治理机制  

Governance Mechanism of Urban Communities Home-Based Care in the Context of Deep Aging

作　　者：罗津 LUO Jin(School of International and Public Affairs;Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学健康长三角研究院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第4期63-70,129,共9页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：根据第七次全国人口普查数据,截至2020年我国65岁以上老人已达1.91亿,占总人口比重达13.5%,标志我国即将进入深度老龄化社会(65岁以上人口占比超14%)。基于我国现有的养老服务格局,未来95%以上的老人将在社区内居家养老,而随着数量庞大的第一代独生子女的父母陆续步入老年,单独依靠家庭力量已经难以承担对老年人晚年照料的责任,亟待强化社区对家庭养老的支持。文章提出了社区居家养老的两个支柱,即社区以准公共物品形式提供的公共服务和民营养老机构以自然垄断形式提供的专业化生活照料。文章论证了建立这两个支柱的理论依据及对应的多元供给主体间的治理机制。According to the data of the seventh national population census, by 2020, China’s elderly people over 65 years old have reached 191 million, accounting for 13.5% of the total population, indicating that China is about to enter a deep aging society(the population over 65 years old accounts for more than 14%). Based on the current pattern of elderly care services in China, more than 95% of the elderly will be in the community for home-based care in the future. With a large number of the first generation of the one-child parents entering the old age one after another, it is difficult to shoulder the responsibility of elderly care by relying on the family alone. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the community support for family care. This paper proposes the concept of two pillars of community home-based care, namely, the public service provided by the community in the form of quasi-public goods and the professional life care provided by private pension institutions in the form of natural monopoly. In addition, it analyzes the theoretical basis for the establishment of these two pillars and the corresponding governance mechanism between multiple suppliers.

关 键 词：社区居家养老 准公共物品 自然垄断 治理机制 

分 类 号：D669.6[政治法律—政治学]