制冷机可插拔式固氮低温容器的热性能研究  

Study on thermal characteristics of solid nitrogen cryogenic system with detachable cryocooler

作　　者：盛荣进 蒋久福 聂兴超 周鹏博 李婧 马光同[1] Sheng Rongjin;Jiang Jiufu;Nie Xingchao;Zhou Pengbo;Li Jing;Ma Guangtong(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《低温工程》2021年第4期40-46,58,共8页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52037008);四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2020YFG0354);牵引动力国家重点实验室自主课题(2019TPL_T12)。

摘　　要：为提高超导电动磁悬浮列车悬浮架设计的灵活性,针对磁悬浮应用,以制冷机可插拔式跑道型固氮低温容器为研究对象,采用解析计算、有限元仿真与实验测试相结合的方法对其热性能展开研究。首先,通过对结构和导冷介质的优化,减小了低温容器的漏热并提高了降温速率;其次,实验对比了制冷机拔离与未拔离时低温容器工作温区的保温时长,证明了制冷机拔离能有效延长容器的保温时间;最后,利用通电铜线圈模拟闭环运行磁体,研究了制冷机拔离后磁体运行热损耗对固氮温升的影响,结果表明当内部热损耗为5 W时容器保温时长超过6 h,满足运行时间的设计要求。In order to improve the design flexibility of superconducting electrodynamic suspension(EDS)train,the thermal characteristics of the solid nitrogen(SN2)cryostat with detachable cryocooler was studied for magnetic levitation applications,by analytical calculation,finite element simulation as well as experimental test.Firstly,by optimizing the structure and the cooling medium,the heat leakage of the cryostat was reduced and the cooling rate was improved accordingly.Then,the heat preservation time for the working temperature range of the cryostat with and without cryocooler were compared experimentally.The results indicate that the pulling out cryocooler can effectively extend the heat preservation time of the cryostat.At the last,the closed-loop operating magnet was simulated by an energized copper coil.The effect of the operating heat loss of the magnet on the temperature rise of SN2 after the cryocooler was pulled out was studied.The results show that when the internal heat loss is 5 W,the heat preservation time of the cryostat could exceed 6 h,which meets the design requirements of the operating time.

关 键 词：固氮 低温容器 制冷机可插拔 热性能 导热硅脂 

分 类 号：TB658[一般工业技术—制冷工程]