黄钾铁矾的制备及其对U(Ⅵ)的吸附  

Preparation of Jarosite and Its Adsorption Characteristics for U(Ⅵ)

作　　者：魏红福 董发勤[3] 刘明学[2] 张伟[4] 何苗 陈木兰[2] WEI Hong-fu;DONG Fa-qin;LIU Ming-xue;ZHANG Wei;HE Miao;CHEN Mu-lan(Research Center of Laser Fusion,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China;School of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China;Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle,Ministry of Education,Mianyang 621010,China;Analytical and Testing Center,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心,四川绵阳621900 [2]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010 [3]固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,四川绵阳621010 [4]西南科技大学分析测试中心,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》2021年第4期362-372,共11页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2014CB846003);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41802037)。

摘　　要：为了研究黄钾铁矾对溶液中U(Ⅵ)的吸附效果,采用一步水热法制备了黄钾铁矾,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman spectrum)、红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等技术表征了材料的理化特性。利用静态吸附实验研究了溶液pH值、离子强度、固液比和U(Ⅵ)初始浓度对吸附过程的影响。结果表明:溶液pH对于U(Ⅵ)的吸附产生较大的影响,而离子强度则对吸附过程没有影响,表明黄钾铁矾对U(Ⅵ)的吸附机理为内层表面络合。吸附在100 min内基本达平衡,且符合准二级动力学模型。吸附等温线符合Langmuir等温模型,表明U(Ⅵ)的吸附是单层吸附。在溶液的pH=7.0、298 K时,黄钾铁矾对U(Ⅵ)的最大吸附量为154 mg/g。最佳吸附条件为:固液比1.0 g/L、U(Ⅵ)初始浓度为0.42 mmol/L、298 K、pH=7.0,达到平衡时的吸附量为(76.0±1.4) mg/g(n=3),去除率达到了(88.0±1.3)%(n=3)。以上结果表明,黄钾铁矾可以作为含U(Ⅵ)废水处理的潜在吸附材料。In order to investigate the adsorption of U(Ⅵ) on jarosite from solution, jarosite was synthesized using a one-step hydrothermal method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman spectrum, infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and scanning electron microscope(SEM) technologies in detail. The effects of solution pH, ionic strength, solid-to-liquid ratio and initial U(Ⅵ) concentration on the adsorption process were studied using batch adsorption methods. The results show that the removal of U(Ⅵ) is deeply dependent on pH but independent of ionic strength, indicating that the adsorption of U(Ⅵ) is dominant by inner surface complexation. The adsorption basically reaches equilibrium within 100 min, and is in accordance with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherms are well described by Langmuir isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption of U(Ⅵ) is monolayer coverage. The optimal adsorption conditions are as follows: solid-to-liquid ratio 1.0 g/L, initial concentration of U(Ⅵ) 0.42 mmol/L, temperature of 298 K, and solution pH of 7.0. The adsorption capacity at equilibrium is(76.0±1.4) mg/g(n=3), and the removal percentage reaches(88.0±1.3)%(n=3). The above results indicate that jarosite can be used as a potential adsorption material for the treatment of wastewater containing U(Ⅵ).

关 键 词：黄钾铁矾 U(Ⅵ) 吸附动力学 吸附等温线 

分 类 号：TL941.1[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]