29 株淡水真菌固体发酵提取物的抑菌活性研究  

Antimicrobial Activities of Solid Fermentation Extractsfrom 29 Freshwater Fungi

作　　者：李永建 韦明杰 张凰[1] LI Yongjian;WEI Mingjie;ZHANG Huang(Faculty of Agriculture and Food,Kunming University of Science andTechnology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学农业与食品学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期137-146,共10页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41663014)。

摘　　要：对29株淡水真菌进行固态发酵,用牛津杯法和滤纸片法分别筛选固态发酵提取物对6种食源性病原细菌(金黄色葡萄球菌、李斯特菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、志贺菌、沙门氏菌)和3种植物病原真菌(尖孢镰刀菌、灰葡萄孢菌、水稻枯纹菌)的抑菌活性.研究结果表明,29株淡水真菌(分布于13个目中)均对供试食源性病原细菌有抑制作用,其中6株对所有供试病原细菌均具有抑制作用.17株淡水真菌(分布于9个目中)能够抑制植物病原真菌,其中Pseudoasteromassaria spadicea MFLUCC 15-0973对3种病原真菌都具有抑菌活性.具有抑菌活性的淡水真菌数量最多的3个目分别为Tubeufiales、Pleosporales和Pleurotheciales.本研究首次报道了Atractosporales、Chaetothyriales、Distoseptisporales和Sporidesmiales目的抑菌活性,并在现有研究的基础上,增加了4个目真菌对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性,5个目真菌对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性,10个目真菌对志贺菌的抑菌活性,4个目真菌对大肠杆菌的抑菌活性和9个目真菌对沙门氏菌的抑菌活性,以及3个目真菌对尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌活性,4个目真菌对灰葡萄孢菌的抑菌活性和2个目真菌对水稻枯纹菌的抑菌活性.本研究不仅为淡水真菌的抑菌活性研究补充了可靠数据,丰富了淡水真菌抑菌活性的分布,也初步总结了具有抑菌活性的淡水真菌在不同菌目的大致分布和抑菌规律,增加了对淡水真菌的认识,对淡水真菌研究具有重要意义.Twenty-nine strains of freshwater fungi were fermented in solid state.The antimicrobial activities of solid-state fermentation were extracted against six food borne pathogenic bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus,Listeria monocytogenes,Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli,Shigella sp.,Salmonella sp.)and three plant pathogenic fungi(Botrytis cinerea,Fusarium oxysporum Rhizoctonia solani),were screened by Oxford cup method and paper disk method,respectively.The result shows that all 29 strains(distributed in 13 orders)have antibacterial activities,in which 6 strains against all six food borne pathogenic bacteria tested.17 strains have antifungal activities,in which Pseudoasteromassaria spadicea MFLUCC 15-0973 against all three plant pathogenic fungi.Three orders,Tubeufiales,Pleosporales and Pleurotheciales,have the most freshwater fungi with antimicrobial activities.This study firstly report the antimicrobial activities of Atractosporales,Chaetothyriales,Distoseptisporales and Sporidesmiales,four orders of antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus,five orders against Bacillus subtilis,ten orders against Shigella sp.,four orders against Escherichia coli and nine orders against Salmonella sp.,as well as three orders of antifungal activities against Fusarium oxysporum,four orders against Botrytis cinerea and two orders against Rhizoctonia solani.This study provides reliable data for antimicrobial activities of freshwater fungi,and enriches the affiliations of freshwater fungi with antimicrobial activities.Moreover,it preliminarily summarizes the distribution of freshwater fungi with antimicrobial activities in different orders,and increases the understanding of freshwater fungi,which is of great significance to the study of freshwater fungi.

关 键 词：水生真菌 抑制病原细菌活性 抑制病原真菌活性 牛津杯法 滤纸片法 

分 类 号：U461[机械工程—车辆工程] TP308[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]