维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘栓塞形成影响因素分析  

The influencing factors analysis of the formation of arteriovenous fistula embolism in the maintenance hemodialysis patients

作　　者：冼建珍 林月群[1] 廖彬容 李凤娟[1] 黄婷婷[1] XIAN Jianzhen;LIN Yuequn;LIAO Binrong;LI Fengjuan;HUANG Tingting(No.2 People's Hospital of Zhaoqing,Zhaoqing,526060,China)

机构地区：[1]肇庆市第二人民医院血透室,广东省肇庆市526060

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2021年第17期2557-2560,共4页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：目的分析维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘发生栓塞的原因,并讨论相应的防护对策,以降低动静脉内瘘栓塞形成风险。方法于2019年3月—2020年3月在医院接收的维持性血液透析患者中,选择动静脉内瘘有栓塞的94例为栓塞组,无栓塞的94为非栓塞组。分析两组基本资料,观察两组动静脉内瘘指标,并分析维持性血液透析患者发生动静脉内瘘栓塞的原因,实施相应的防护对策。结果血肿形成、血液高凝、血透后压迫时间、高龄等因素与动静脉内瘘栓塞形成表现为正相关(P<0.05);血透中内瘘血流量、血透后低血压与动静脉内瘘栓塞形成表现为负相关(P<0.05)。结论维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘发生栓塞的原因与血液高凝、年龄大、血透中血流量过低、血透后内瘘长时间受压等因素有关,需引起临床高度重视,并根据相关影响因素加以防护,以减低动静脉内瘘栓塞形成风险,促使患者早日转归。Objective To analysis the reason of the formation of arteriovenous fistula embolism in maintenance hemodialysis patients,discuss the related intervention countermeasures to reduce the risk factors of the formation of arteriovenous fistula embolism.Methods To select the maintenance hemodialysis patients admitted in the hospital form March 2019 to March 2020,94 patients with arteriovenous fistula embolism were set as embolism group,94 patients without embolism were set as non-embolism group.To analysis the basic data of two groups,observe the index of arteriovenous fistula embolism in two groups and analysis the reason of formation of arteriovenous fistula embolism in maintenance hemodialysis and the implementation of related intervention countermeasures.Results Hematoma formation,blood hypercoagulation,time of pressure after hemodialysis and old age were positively correlated with arteriovenous fistula embolization(P<0.05).The blood flow of internal fistula during hemodialysis and hypotension after hemodialysis were negatively correlated with arteriovenous fistula embolization(P<0.05).Conclusion The reason of the maintenance hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula embolism were related with high blood coagulation,older,low blood flow in the hemodialysis and after hemodialysis internal fistula long time compression,the clinical should highly aware and given the intervention according to the related influencing factors in order to reduce the risk of the formation of arteriovenous fistula embolism,promote the patients recovery.

关 键 词：维持性血液透析 动静脉内瘘栓塞 影响因素 防护对策 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]