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作 者:蔡迎旗 刘庆 CAI Ying-qi;LIU Qing(Education School of Huazhong Normal University,Research Center for Preschool Education,Wuhan 430079)
机构地区:[1]华中师范大学教育学院学前教育研究中心,湖北武汉430079
出 处:《南方人口》2021年第4期26-36,共11页South China Population
基 金:国家社会科学基金教育学重点课题“我国学前教育可持续发展的路径与对策研究”(AHA200010)。
摘 要:为探析城市婴幼儿家庭中一孩与两孩父母所面临的养育压力差异及其影响因素,本研究以中部武汉市中心城区204名婴幼儿父亲与202名婴幼儿母亲为主要研究对象展开调查。结果显示:(1)婴幼儿父母在“幼儿教养”与“外界环境”上压力最大。(2)父亲与母亲的养育压力呈现不同的特征。(3)子女数量增加所带来的父母养育压力主要集中在亲子互动上。(4)一孩父母与两孩父母养育压力影响因素存在差异。(5)婚姻满意度是影响养育压力的重要因素.(6)家庭经济负担与养育压力密切相关。为缓解父母养育压力,父亲应加强亲子互动,母亲应学会自我调节;父母需用心经营婚姻,加强亲职学习并提前做好养育规划;亲邻及社会志愿组织可提供力所能及的养育支持;社区可提供就近便利、安全优质、普及普惠的托育服务;政府应适度分担成本,系统构建公益性儿童照护服务体系。204 fathers and 202 mothers of infants in central Wuhan were investigated in order to explore the differences and influencing factors of parenting pressure faced by parents of one child and two children in urban families.The results show that:1.parents of infants have the greatest pressure from‘early childhood education’and‘external environment’;2.The parenting pressure of father and mother showed different characteristics;3.The parenting pressure caused by the increase of children number is concentrated in the parent-child interaction;4.There are differences in the influencing factors of parenting stress between one child parents and two children parents;5.Marital satisfaction is an important factor affecting parenting stress;6.Family economic burden is closely related to parenting stress.In order to relieve the pressure of parenting in the family,the father should strengthen the interaction with children,the mother should learn to regulate herself properly;For the couples,they need manage their marriage carefully,strengthen their parenting learning and make a good parenting plan in advance.Besides,Relatives and social voluntary organizations can provide parenting supports all they can,the community need provide convenient,safe,high-quality,universal and inclusive nursery services while the government should share the cost appropriately and build a public child care service system systematically.
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