某儿科医院2018—2020年215例抗菌药物不良反应报告分析  

Analysis of 215 reports of adverse reactions of antibiotics in a pediatric hospital from 2018 to 2020

作　　者：武坤[1] 米洁[2] 李洋[2] 成华[2] 海文利 李媛[2] WU Kun;MI Jie;LI Yang;CHENG Hua;HAI Wenli;LI Yuan(No.63750 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army,Xi'an 710043;Xi'an Children's Hospital,Xi'an 710003;Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital,Xi'an 710075,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军63750部队医院,陕西西安710043 [2]西安市儿童医院,陕西西安710003 [3]西安高新医院,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2021年第24期36-38,78,共4页Clinical Research and Practice

基　　金：2018年西安市儿童医院院级项目(No.2018E05);西安市科技计划项目[No.201805095YX3SF29(5)]。

摘　　要：目的分析某儿科医院2018年1月至2020年12月215例抗菌药物不良反应报告,为指导临床合理用药提供参考。方法采用Excel软件对报告数据进行统计,对患儿的年龄及性别分布、抗菌药物不良反应报告类型、抗菌药物不良反应发生时间、引发抗菌药物不良反应的给药途径、抗菌药物不良反应累及系统和临床表现、不良反应涉及药物及种类、患儿的原发病、抗菌药物不良反应处理措施及患儿转归情况进行分析。结果215例抗菌药物不良反应报告中,男女比为1.13∶1。一般不良反应214例,严重不良反应1例。抗菌药物不良反应多发生于用药后5 min至1 d。引发抗菌药物不良反应的给药途径以静脉滴注为主(80.93%)。抗菌药物不良反应累及系统以皮肤及其附件为主(86.05%)。不良反应涉及药物种类以头孢菌素类为主(76.28%)。患儿的原发病以呼吸系统疾病为主。抗菌药物不良反应发生后,均于第一时间停用可疑药品,患儿预后均较好。结论总结医院抗菌药物不良反应的发生规律、特点,可指导临床合理用药。Objective To analyze 215 reports of adverse reactions of antibiotics in a pediatric hospital from January 2018 to December 2020,so as to provide reference for guiding clinical rational drug use.Methods Excel software was used to make statistics on reports data,including the age and gender distribution of children,the types of reports of adverse reactions of antibiotics,the occurrence time of adverse reactions of antibiotics,the route of administration leading to adverse reactions of antibiotics,the involved system and clinical manifestations of adverse reactions of antibiotics,the drugs and types involved in adverse reaction,the primary disease of children,the treatment measures of adverse reactions of antibiotics and the prognosis of children were analyzed.Results Among 215 reports of adverse reactions of antibiotics,the male to female ratio was 1.13∶1.There were 214 cases of general adverse reactions and 1 case of serious adverse reactions.Most of the adverse reactions of antibiotics occurred from 5 min to 1 d after administration.The main route of administration leading to adverse reactions of antibiotics was intravenous drip(80.93%).The main involved system of adverse reactions of antibiotics was skin and its accessories(86.05%).Cephalosporins were the main drugs involved in adverse reactions(76.28%).The primary disease of children is mainly respiratory diseases.After the occurrence of adverse reactions of antibiotics,suspicious drugs were stopped at the first time,and the prognosis of children was good.Conclusion To summarize the occurrence regularity and characteristics of adverse reactions of antibiotics in hospital can guide clinical rational drug use.

关 键 词：儿童 抗菌药物 不良反应 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]