甘蔗优良品种(系)对黑穗病的抗性评价  

Evaluation of natural resistance to smut in elite sugarcane varieties(lines)

作　　者：仓晓燕[1] 夏红明[1] 李文凤[1] 王晓燕[1] 单红丽[1] 王长秘 李婕 张荣跃[1] 黄应昆 CANG Xiao-Yan;XIA Hong-Ming;LI Wen-Feng;WANG Xiao-Yan;SHAN Hong-Li;WANG Chang-Mi;LI Jie;ZHANG Rong-Yue;HUANG Ying-Kun(Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Kaiyuan 661699,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远661699

出　　处：《作物学报》2021年第11期2290-2296,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(糖料)建设专项(CARS-170303);云岭产业技术领军人才培养项目(2018LJRC56);云南省技术创新人才培养对象项目(202005AD160012);云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资助。

摘　　要：甘蔗黑穗病是严重影响中国甘蔗产业发展的系统性真菌病害,不同的甘蔗品种对甘蔗黑穗病的抗性不一,筛选和种植抗病品种是防治甘蔗黑穗病最经济有效的措施。为明确近年中国育成的优良品种(系)对甘蔗黑穗病的抗性,筛选抗黑穗病优良品种供生产上推广应用,本研究选择云南元江甘蔗黑穗病高发区,采用人工接种浸渍法,对中国的100个优良品种(系)进行抗性鉴定评价。结果表明,100个优良品种(系)中56个表现高抗到中抗,占56%,44个表现为中感到高感2,占44%。研究结果显示目前大面积种植和主推的闽糖69-421、新台糖22号、柳城03-182、柳城03-1137、桂糖42号、粤甘26号、桂糖02-351、云蔗09-1601等品种(系)高度感病,而近年选育的福农15号、福农36号、福农1110、福农07-3206、福农11-2907、闽糖11-610、粤甘39号、粤甘43号、粤甘48号、粤甘49号、粤甘50号、粤糖00-236、赣蔗02-70、云蔗99-596、云蔗03-258、云蔗04-241、云蔗06-80、云蔗07-2800、云蔗08-2060、云蔗10-2698、云蔗13-1139、云瑞10-701、德蔗09-84、德蔗12-88、桂糖08-1589、中蔗1号等26个优良品种(系)高度抗病。建议低海拔河谷甘蔗黑穗病高发区,应加大淘汰感病主栽品种和推广应用抗病优良品种力度,以达到品种合理布局,控制甘蔗黑穗病大发生流行,为甘蔗产业高质量发展提供保障。Sugarcane smut is a systemic fungal disease that seriously affects the development of sugarcane industry in China.Different sugarcane varieties have various resistance to smut.Screening and planting resistant varieties are the most economical and effective measure to control smut disease.In order to determine the smut resistance of elite varieties(lines)bred in China in recent year and screen resistant varieties for application in production,the resistance of 100 Chinese elite sugarcane varieties(lines)were evaluated by artificial inoculation with the impregnation method in smut epidemic area Yuanjiang,Yunnan Province.The results revealed that 56 of the 100 elite varieties(lines)were highly resistant to moderately resistant,accounting for 56%,and 44 were moderately susceptible to highly susceptible 2,accounting for 44%.The results showed that current large-scale planted and promoted varieties(lines)Mintang 69-421,ROC 22,Liucheng 03-182,Liucheng 03-1137,Guitang 42,Yuegan 26,Guitang 02-351,and Yunzhe 09-1601 were highly susceptible.And the sugarcane varieties(lines)bred in recent years,Funong 15,Funong 36,Funong 1110,Funong 07-3206,Funong 11-2907,Mintang 11-610,Yuegan 39,Yuegan 43,Yuegan 48,Yuegan 49,Yuegan 50,Yuetang 00-236,Ganzhe 02-70,Yunzhe 99-596,Yunzhe 03-258,Yunzhe 04-241,Yunzhe 06-80,Yunzhe 07-2800,Yunzhe 08-2060,Yunzhe 10-2698,Yunzhe 13-1139,Yunrui 10-701,Dezhe 09-84,Dezhe 12-88,Guitang 08-1589,and Zhongzhe 1 were highly resistant to smut disease.It was suggested that in the high incidence area of sugarcane smut in low altitude valley,efforts should be carried out to eliminate the elite varieties susceptible to the disease and popularize and apply the superior varieties resistant to the disease in order to achieve the rational distribution of varieties,control the outbreak and epidemic of sugarcane smut,and pro-vide guarantee for the high-quality development of sugarcane industry.

关 键 词：甘蔗 优良品种(系) 黑穗病 人工接种 抗性 

分 类 号：S435.661[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]