不同调亏灌溉模式对冬小麦生长、生理及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Regulated Deficit Irrigation Modes on Growth,Physiology and Yield of Winter Wheat

作　　者：王东博 王书吉[1,2] 韩玉薪 WANG Dong-bo;WANG Shu-ji;HAN Yu-xin(School of Water Conservancy and Hydropower,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei Province,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Water Conservancy,Handan 056038,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学水利水电学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]河北省智慧水利重点实验室,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2021年第8期8-12,18,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51879277);邯郸市科研项目“冬小麦节水、高产、优质微润灌模式”(19422011008-48);邯郸市节水灌溉重点实验室经费(20312904040)。

摘　　要：为探究拔节期不同亏水-复水模式对冬小麦生长、生理及产量的影响,设置了拔节期不同程度土壤含水率和亏水时长,土壤含水率分别为Y1(55%~65%)θ_(f)、Y2(65%~75%)θ_(f)、Y3(75%~85%)θ_(f)(θ_(f)为田间持水量),亏水时长均为7 d,然后复水,另设全生育期充分灌水对照处理CK(85%~100%)θ_(f),每个处理重复3次。复水7天后测定各处理冬小麦株高、叶绿素、净光合速率、荧光参数、产量及水分利用效率。结果表明:Y1、Y2、Y3各处理亏水7 d然后复水7 d后,与对照组CK相比,冬小麦株高分别提高了2.38%、9.52%、12.70%,叶绿素(SPAD)分别增长了0.67%、2.51%、3.85%,净光合速率分别降低了19.32%、14.02%、11.74%,F_(v)/F_(m)分别降低了9.64%、8.43%、6.02%,F_(v)/F_(0)分别降低了9.00%、5.91%、4.63%,发现亏水-复水处理后的冬小麦表现出明显的生长补偿效应;纵向和自身相比,较亏水7 d刚结束时株高、叶绿素(SPAD)、净光合速率、F_(v)/F_(m)和F_(v)/F_(0)分别提高了22.86%、25.96%、26.87%,17.46%、19.23%、21.73%,7.04%、6.61%、6.44%,16.30%、16.87%、16.84%,12.20%、11.67%、11.88%。最终产量结果为:Y1、Y2、Y3各处理比CK分别低18.84%、5.58%、0.79%,Y3处理的产量相较于Y1与Y2处理分别高22.24%与5.08%。Y3处理的水分利用效率值最大,分别较Y1、Y2、CK处理提高了8.29%、0.55%、2.77%。Y3为节水稳产适宜亏水模式。In order to explore the effects of different deficit-rewatering modes at jointing stage on the growth,physiology and yield of winter wheat,different degrees of soil moisture content and duration of water deficit were set at jointing stage in the experiments.The soil moisture content was set as Y1 treatment of(55%~65%)θ_(f),Y2 treatment of(65%~75%)θ_(f) and Y3 treatment of(75%~85%)θ_(f)(θ_(f) is field capacity),the duration of water deficit was 7 days,and then the soil was rewatered.In addition,CK of(85%~100%)θ_(f) with full irrigation during the whole growth period was set as the control treatment.Each treatment was repeated 3 times.Plant height,chlorophyll,net photosynthetic rate,fluorescence parameters,yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat were measured after rewatering for 7 days.The results showed that:the plant height of winter wheat in Y1,Y2 and Y3 treatments was increased by 2.38%,9.52%and 12.70%,and the chlorophyll(SPAD)was increased by 0.67%,2.51%and 3.85%,respectively,compared with CK after 7 days of water deficit and rewatering.The net photosynthetic rate was increased by 7.04%,6.61%and 6.44%,F_(v)/F_(m) was increased by 16.30%,16.87%and 16.84%,and F_(v)/F_(0) was increased by 12.20%,11.67%and 11.88%,respectively.It was found that the growth compensation effect was obvious in the winter wheat after deficitrewatering treatment.Compared with itself at the end of 7 days of water deficit,plant height were increased by 22.86%,25.96%and 26.87%,chlorophyll(SPAD)were increased by 17.46%,19.23%and 21.73%,The net photosynthetic rate was increased by 7.04%,6.61%and 6.44%,F_(v)/F_(m) was increased by 16.30%、16.87%、16.84%,and F_(v)/F_(0) was increased by 12.20%,11.67%and 11.88%,respectively.The final yield of Y1,Y2 and Y3 treatment was 18.84%,5.78%and 0.79%lower than that of CK,respectively.The yield of Y3 treatment was 22.24%and 5.08%higher than that of Y1 and Y2 treatment,respectively.The water use efficiency of Y3 treatment was the highest,which was 8.29%,0.55%and 2.77%higher than that of Y1,Y2

关 键 词：冬小麦 亏水-复水 水分利用效率 产量 亏水时长 调亏灌溉 水分胁迫 生长补偿效应 生理补偿效应 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程] S512.1[农业科学—农业工程]